Linux fans get annoyed when I compare Valve to Apple, but the comparison is more accurate than they want to believe.

Apple’s OS core really is open source. That’s Darwin: XNU, large portions of BSD userland, networking subsystems, and low-level components released under Apple’s open-source license. And when Apple rolled it out in 1999, Eric S. Raymond stood on stage endorsing it because Apple wasn’t phoning it in—they were pouring real engineering into BSD.

And those contributions weren’t theoretical. Apple pushed hardware drivers BSD never had the resources to build: networking, storage, USB, FireWire. They drove kernel modernization: Mach scheduling upgrades, serious VM improvements, better SMP support. They introduced security models that rippled outward—MAC frameworks, sandboxing ideas, privilege separation strategies. They improved networking with IPv6 work, RFC compliance, Wi-Fi robustness, and mDNS/Bonjour. And Apple’s early, heavy funding of LLVM/Clang didn’t just benefit Darwin—it became the modern BSD toolchain because Apple paid for the hard parts.

Those contributions were real, substantial, and transformative—even though macOS itself stayed proprietary at the UI/framework layer.

And that’s the point.

Valve is doing the exact same thing. Their Linux work is real—Proton, Mesa pressure, kernel scheduling, shader pipelines—just like Apple’s BSD work was real. But the thing Valve protects is the thing that gives them leverage: Steam. Closed. Central. Non-negotiable.

Apple open-sourced the scaffolding and protected the part that mattered.

Valve open-sources the scaffolding and protects the part that matters.

Same strategy. Different era.

https://atomicpoet.org/notice/B0FbIBlMXv9kTiW27c

@atomicpoet

That's a fair comparison. Can't argue with that.

@atomicpoet I think the argument works when posed with terms like 'scaffolding' and 'part that matters'. But the expansion of these terms might be very different in the two cases.

The 'part that matters' might be the interface, for example. Or it might be 'control over hardware interfaces'. Or... ? The extent to which Apple and Valve are similar is the extent to which these two 'moat' strategies are similar.

But I feel (without evidence) that they may be very different.

@Downes Another angle to this is how Apple was actually perceived in the 90s and early 00s.

At that time, Apple were the “good guys”—the underdog fighting Microsoft’s dominance. It really was framed as David versus Goliath. And part of that narrative came from the fact that Apple was building an OS with an open-source core while Windows stayed entirely closed.

Where Apple differed from Valve is in hobbyist freedom. Macs were locked down, but that wasn’t ideological—Apple had just come out of the Mac-clone era, where trying to act like a pure OS vendor nearly destroyed the company. Locking down hardware was a survival move.

Valve is in a very different position. They don’t mind tinkering at all because their business isn’t tied to protecting hardware margins. Their revenue engine is the storefront. As long as Steam remains the center of gravity, openness elsewhere doesn’t threaten them.

That’s why the comparison still works: both companies open the layers that strengthen the ecosystem, but each protects the core that actually sustains their business.

@atomicpoet It's funny because at the time I never thought of Apple as the 'good guys' (neither was Microsoft, of course).

From the beginning through to OSX, Apple's OS was deliberately closed and incompatible with everything else - even the file formats were Apple proprietary. Apples were more expensive, and there was little to no free software for the Mac - buying an Apple was just the first of an ongoing series of expenses.

@Downes Yeah, I’m talking about cultural narratives and how they tend to repeat. Back then—very much not now—people cast Steve Jobs as Luke Skywalker and Bill Gates as Darth Vader. It was the dominant mythos of that era.
@atomicpoet @Downes Apple were the good guys in the early 1980s with the Apple ][. But from the introduction of the Mac they were the creator of Look & Feel lawsuits. I still have a stack of "keep your lawyers off my computer" stickers from back then. Non-techies loved the Mac but they were the enemy of most software professionals.
@atomicpoet I also see parallels with the usage of FreeBSD within the PlayStation OS.

@atomicpoet

This is all correct, but you missed one critical fact: Apple is AAPL. VALVe is privately owned.