Sometimes the names of objects are deeply misleading. For example, starfish are not actually fish (they are echinoderms) and guinea pigs are not related to pigs in any way (they are rodents). Similarly, planetary nebulas have nothing to do with planets. They were misnamed when scientists looking through small telescopes in the 19th century thought that these objects looked like planets.

Today, astronomers know that a planetary nebula actually represents a phase that stars like our Sun experience after they use up much of their fuel. After cooling and expanding through a “red giant” phase when it begins to expel its outer layers, such a star leaves behind a type of dense and smaller star called a white dwarf. The previously jettisoned shells of gas remain for a relatively short time in cosmic terms — tens of thousands of years — before dissipating into space. Meanwhile they are illuminated and energized by the white dwarf at the center of the system. This will happen to our Sun, but not for another 5 billion years or so.

NASA’s Chandra X-ray Observatory contributes to the understanding of planetary nebulas by studying the hottest and most energetic processes still at work in these beautiful objects. X-ray data from Chandra reveal winds being driven away from the white dwarf so quickly (i.e., millions of miles per hour) that they create shock waves during collisions with slower-moving material previously ejected by the star. Chandra’s exceptional vision in X-rays contributes to the understanding of this brief, yet important, stage of stars’ lives.

This gallery contains a half a dozen planetary nebulas that have been observed both by Chandra and NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope, with the latter detecting the delicate-looking structures of gas that have been expelled from the star. [...]
+ Read further in ALT-Text

https://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2021/pne/

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

A planetary nebula is a phase of stellar evolution that the sun should experience several billion years from now, when it expands to become a red giant. It will then shed most of its outer layers, leaving behind a hot core that contracts to form a dense white dwarf star. A wind from the hot core will ram into the ejected atmosphere, creating beautiful, shell-like structures seen with optical telescopes. This gallery shows four planetary nebulas from the first systematic survey of such objects in the solar neighborhood made with NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory. X-ray emission from Chandra is colored purple and optical emission from the Hubble Space Telescope is colored red, green and blue. The diffuse X-ray emission is caused by shock waves as the wind collides with the ejected atmosphere.

https://chandra.harvard.edu/resources/animations/pne.html#anim_331

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #EsaPekkaSalonen

2006 March 26

Doomed Star Eta Carinae
* Credit: J. Morse (Arizona State U.), K. Davidson (U. Minnesota) et al., WFPC2, HST, NASA
https://www.asu.edu/research
https://cse.umn.edu/physics
https://www.stsci.edu/
https://www.stsci.edu/hst
http://www.nasa.gov/

Explanation:
Eta Carinae may be about to explode. But no one knows when - it may be next year, it may be one million years from now. Eta Carinae's mass - about 100 times greater than our Sun - makes it an excellent candidate for a full blown supernova. Historical records do show that about 150 years ago Eta Carinae underwent an unusual outburst that made it one of the brightest stars in the southern sky. Eta Carinae, in the Keyhole Nebula, is the only star currently thought to emit natural LASER light. This image, taken in 1996, resulted from sophisticated image-processing procedures designed to bring out new details in the unusual nebula that surrounds this rogue star. Now clearly visible are two distinct lobes, a hot central region, and strange radial streaks. The lobes are filled with lanes of gas and dust which absorb the blue and ultraviolet light emitted near the center. The streaks remain unexplained. Will these clues tell us how the nebula was formed? Will they better indicate when Eta Carinae will explode?
https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/objects/heapow/archive/stars/etacar_pspc_19990525.html

https://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?bibcode=1995ApJ...445L.121C

https://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-iarticle_query?bibcode=1995ApJ...441L..77F

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap060326.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #esa

2003 January 13

The Dumbbell Nebula in Hydrogen and Oxygen
* Credit & Copyright: George Jacoby (NOAO) et al., WIYN, AURA, NOAO, NSF
https://www.nsf.gov/

Explanation:
The first hint of what will become of our Sun was discovered inadvertently in 1764. At that time, Charles Messier was compiling a list of "annoying" diffuse objects not to be confused with "interesting" comets. The 27th object on Messier's list, now known as M27 or the Dumbbell Nebula, is a planetary nebula, the type of nebula our Sun will produce when nuclear fusion stops in its core. M27 is one of the brightest planetary nebulae on the sky, and can be seen in the constellation Vulpecula with binoculars. It takes light about 1000 years to reach us from M27, shown above, digitally sharpened, in three isolated colors emitted by hydrogen and oxygen. Understanding the physics and significance of M27 was well beyond 18th century science. Even today, many things remain mysterious about bipolar planetary nebula like M27, including the physical mechanism that expels a low-mass star's gaseous outer-envelope, leaving an X-ray hot white dwarf.

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap030113.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

Helix Nebula – Unraveling at the Seams

NASA

Oct 04, 2012

A dying star is throwing a cosmic tantrum in this combined image from NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope and the Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX), which NASA has lent to the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena. In death, the star’s dusty outer layers are unraveling into space, glowing from the intense ultraviolet radiation being pumped out by the hot stellar core.
This object, called the Helix nebula, lies 650 light-years away, in the constellation of Aquarius. Also known by the catalog number NGC 7293, it is a typical example of a class of objects called planetary nebulae. Discovered in the 18th century, these cosmic works of art were erroneously named for their resemblance to gas-giant planets.
Planetary nebulae are actually the remains of stars that once looked a lot like our sun. These stars spend most of their lives turning hydrogen into helium in massive runaway nuclear fusion reactions in their cores. In fact, this process of fusion provides all the light and heat that we get from our sun. Our sun will blossom into a planetary nebula when it dies in about five billion years.
When the hydrogen fuel for the fusion reaction runs out, the star turns to helium for a fuel source, burning it into an even heavier mix of carbon, nitrogen and oxygen. Eventually, the helium will also be exhausted, and the star dies, puffing off its outer gaseous layers and leaving behind the tiny, hot, dense core, called a white dwarf. The white dwarf is about the size of Earth, but has a mass very close to that of the original star; in fact, a teaspoon of a white dwarf would weigh as much as a few elephants!
The glow from planetary nebulae is particularly intriguing as it appears surprisingly similar across a broad swath of the spectrum, from ultraviolet to [...]
https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/helix-nebula-unraveling-seams/

Image Credit:
NASA/JPL-Caltech

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

<<_>>
[...]
The Helix remains recognizable at any of these wavelengths, but the combination shown here highlights some subtle differences.
The intense ultraviolet radiation from the white dwarf heats up the expelled layers of gas, which shine brightly in the infrared. GALEX has picked out the ultraviolet light pouring out of this system, shown throughout the nebula in blue, while Spitzer has snagged the detailed infrared signature of the dust and gas in yellow A portion of the extended field beyond the nebula, which was not observed by Spitzer, is from NASA’s all-sky Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE). The white dwarf star itself is a tiny white pinprick right at the center of the nebula.
The brighter purple circle in the very center is the combined ultraviolet and infrared glow of a dusty disk circling the white dwarf (the disk itself is too small to be resolved). This dust was most likely kicked up by comets that survived the death of their star.
Before the star died, its comets, and possibly planets, would have orbited the star in an orderly fashion. When the star ran out of hydrogen to burn, and blew off its outer layers, the icy bodies and outer planets would have been tossed about and into each other, kicking up an ongoing cosmic dust storm. Any inner planets in the system would have burned up or been swallowed as their dying star expanded.
https://www.nasa.gov/image-article/helix-nebula-unraveling-seams/

Helix Nebula 3D model credit: INAF/Sal Orlando

[...] This 3D model is an impression derived from data obtained with several optical filters by NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope.
https://chandra.harvard.edu/deadstar/helix.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

April 16, 1996

Cometary Knots in the Helix Nebula
* Credit: R. O'Dell and K. Handron (Rice University), NASA
https://www.rice.edu/
http://www.nasa.gov/

Explanation:
Four hundred fifty light-years from Earth, the wind from a dying, sun-like star produced a planetary nebula popularly known as the Helix. While exploring the Helix's gaseous envelope with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), astronomers discovered indications of 1,000s of striking "cometary knots" like those shown above. So called because of their resemblence to comets, they are actually much larger - their heads are several billion miles across (roughly twice the size of the our solar system itself) while their tails, pointing radially away from the central star, stretch over 100 billion miles. Previously known from ground based observations, the sheer number of cometary knots found in this single nebula is astonishing. What caused them to form? Hot, fast moving shells of nebular gas overrunning cooler, denser, slower shells ejected by the star during an earlier expansion may produce these droplet-like condensations as the two shells intermix and fragment. An intriguing possibility is that instead of dissipating over time, these objects, could collapse and form pluto-like bodies. If so, these icy worlds created near the end of a star's life, would be numerous in our galaxy.

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap960416.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

This sonification (a translation of data from image into sound) depicts the optical data from the Hubble Space Telescope of the Helix Nebula. The sonification scans from left to right, where red light is assigned lower pitches and blue light is assigned higher pitches. Just as the frequencies of light increase from red to blue, frequencies of sound increase from low to high pitches.

Credit:
NASA, NOAO, ESA, the Hubble Helix Nebula Team, M. Meixner (STScI), & T.A. Rector (NRAO); Sonification: SYSTEM Sounds (M. Russo, A. Santaguida)

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

"With this miracle of the universe, I have to think again and again of the beautiful old rose varieties when they fade in late summer and hold their petals with their last strength, and release their innermost ones for pollination. Therefore, let's approach slowly and carefully from the outside to the inside"

* Image Credits:

** top left:
+ Bray Falls
https://www.instagram.com/astrofalls/

** bottom left:
+ Taavi Niittee
https://app.astrobin.com/u/Astronoomiaklubi#gallery

** top right:
+ R. Corradi
https://www.ing.iac.es/
https://www.not.iac.es/general/photos/

** downright:
Data:
+ Michael Joner
http://wmo.byu.edu/
+ Romano Corradi
https://www.iac.es/
https://hla.stsci.edu/
Processing:
+ Robert Gendler
http://www.robgendlerastropics.com/

The Cat's Eye Nebula (also known as NGC 6543 and Caldwell 6) is a planetary nebula in the northern constellation of Draco, discovered by William Herschel on February 15, 1786. It was the first planetary nebula whose spectrum was investigated by the English amateur astronomer William Huggins, demonstrating that planetary nebulae were gaseous and not stellar in nature. Structurally, the object has had high-resolution images by the Hubble Space Telescope revealing knots, jets, bubbles and complex arcs, being illuminated by the central hot planetary nebula nucleus (PNN). It is a well-studied object that has been observed from radio to X-ray wavelengths. At the centre of the Cat's Eye Nebula is a dying Wolf–Rayet star, the sort of which can be seen in the Webb Telescope's image of WR 124. The Cat's Eye Nebula's central star shines at magnitude +11.4. Hubble Space Telescope images show a sort of dart board pattern of concentric rings emanating outwards from the centre. Text from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cat's_Eye_Nebula

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

2024 January 7

The Cat's Eye Nebula in Optical and X-ray
* Image Credit: NASA, ESA, Hubble Legacy Archive; Chandra X-ray Obs.
https://www.nasa.gov/
https://www.esa.int/
https://hla.stsci.edu/
https://chandra.harvard.edu/about/;
* Processing & Copyright: Rudy Pohl
https://app.astrobin.com/u/Rudy_Pohl#gallery

Explanation:
To some it looks like a cat's eye. To others, perhaps like a giant cosmic conch shell. It is actually one of the brightest and most highly detailed planetary nebula known, composed of gas expelled in the brief yet glorious phase near the end of life of a Sun-like star. This nebula's dying central star may have produced the outer circular concentric shells by shrugging off outer layers in a series of regular convulsions. The formation of the beautiful, complex-yet-symmetric inner structures, however, is not well understood. The featured image is a composite of a digitally sharpened Hubble Space Telescope image with X-ray light captured by the orbiting Chandra Observatory. The exquisite floating space statue spans over half a light-year across. Of course, gazing into this Cat's Eye, humanity may well be seeing the fate of our sun, destined to enter its own planetary nebula phase of evolution ... in about 5 billion years.
https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012ApJ...759L..28P/abstract
https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004A%26A...417..637C/abstract
https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap011003.html

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap240107.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

2022 July 10

In the Center of the Cat's Eye Nebula
* Credit: NASA, ESA, Hubble, HLA
https://www.nasa.gov/
http://www.esa.int/
https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hubble/story/index.html
https://hla.stsci.edu/;
* Reprocessing & Copyright: Raul Villaverde
https://www.flickr.com/photos/113243238@N08/

Explanation:
Three thousand light-years away, a dying star throws off shells of glowing gas. This image from the Hubble Space Telescope reveals the Cat's Eye Nebula (NGC 6543), to be one of the most complex planetary nebulae known. Spanning half a light-year, the features seen in the Cat's Eye are so complex that astronomers suspect the bright central object may actually be a binary star system. The term planetary nebula, used to describe this general class of objects, is misleading. Although these objects may appear round and planet-like in small telescopes, high resolution images with large telescopes reveal them to be stars surrounded by cocoons of gas blown off in the late stages of stellar evolution. Gazing into this Cat's Eye, astronomers may well be seeing more than detailed structure, they may be seeing the fate of our Sun, destined to enter its own planetary nebula phase of evolution ... in about 5 billion years.
https://astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/p/Planetary+Nebulae

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap220710.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has captured a stunning image of the Cat's Eye Nebula, one of the most complex planetary nebulae known, with its intricate structure of concentric rings and high-density knots.
In this video, Dr. Ken Carpenter delves into the beauty of this cosmic jewel and discusses the critical role Hubble plays in unraveling the secrets of stellar evolution and the lifecycle of stars.

NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has captured a stunning image of the Cat's Eye Nebula, one of the most complex planetary nebulae known, with its intricate structure of concentric rings and high-density knots.
In this video, Dr. Ken Carpenter delves into the beauty of this cosmic jewel and discusses the critical role Hubble plays in unraveling the secrets of stellar evolution and the lifecycle of stars.

Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center

Producer, Director & Editor: James Leigh

Director of Photography: James Ball

Executive Producers: James Leigh & Matthew Duncan

Production & Post: Origin Films

Video Credits:
Hubble Space Telescope Animation:
ESA/Hubble - M. Kornmesser & L. L. Christensen

Music Credits:
"Transcode" by Lee Groves [PRS], and Peter George Marett [PRS] via Universal Production Music

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

James Webb Telescope Reveals Enigmatic Rings of Planetary Nebula NGC 1514

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has once again opened new windows into the cosmos, providing astronomers with unprecedented observations of a planetary nebula, NGC 1514, also known as the Crystal Ball Nebula. This remarkable nebula, located approximately 1,500 light years away from Earth, has intrigued scientists for years due to its distinct and puzzling features. New observations from JWST, published on February 28 on the arXiv pre-print server, offer a fresh perspective on the nebula’s enigmatic rings, which have now become one of the most intriguing features of this nebula. [...]

"In mid-April, I dedicated a more detailed thread of several exciting posts to this particularly beautiful Nebula, which by the way is not hourglass shaped in visible light and is therefore also called Crystal Ball Nebula. The link below leads to this thread about NGC 1541."

https://defcon.social/@grobi/114340294049034256

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

"In visible light, NGC 1514 appears to us in this form. Are we dealing with a quick-change artist or a universal Camelion?? Just kidding .."

NGC 1514
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

NGC 1514, also known as the Crystal Ball Nebula, is a planetary nebula in the zodiac constellation of Taurus, positioned to the north of the star Psi Tauri along the constellation border with Perseus. Distance to the nebula is 455 pc, according to its Gaia DR3 parallax.

It was discovered by William Herschel on November 13, 1790, describing it as

"a most singular phenomenon"

and forcing him to rethink his ideas on the construction of the heavens. Up until this point Herschel was convinced that all nebulae consisted of masses of stars too remote to resolve, but now here was a single star
"surrounded with a faintly luminous atmosphere".

He concluded:

"Our judgement I may venture to say, will be, that the nebulosity about the star is not of a starry nature."

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Herschel

This is a double-shell nebula that is described as,
"a bright roundish amorphous PN"
with a radius of around 65″ and a faint halo that has a radius of 90″. It consists of an outer shell, an inner shell, and bright blobs. The inner shell appears to be distorted, but was likely originally spherical. An alternative description is of

"lumpy nebula composed of numerous small bubbles"
with a somewhat filamentary structure in the outer shell.

Infrared observations show a huge region of dust surrounds the planetary nebula, spanning 8.5 ly (2.6 pc). There is also a pair of rings forming what appears to be a diabolo-like structure, similar to those found in MyCn 18, but these are extremely faint and only visible in the mid-infrared.
[...]
>> more about NGC 1514:
https://defcon.social/@grobi/114340294049034256

* Image Credit and processing:
Göran Nilsson & The Liverpool Telescope
https://app.astrobin.com/u/gorann#gallery
https://telescope.livjm.ac.uk/

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

2025 July 9

A Beautiful Trifid
* Image Credit & Copyright: Alessandro Cipolat Bares
https://www.flickr.com/photos/astrobares/

Explanation:
The beautiful Trifid Nebula is a cosmic study in contrasts. Also known as M20, it lies about 5,000 light-years away toward the nebula rich constellation Sagittarius. A star forming region in the plane of our galaxy, the Trifid does illustrate three different types of astronomical nebulae; red emission nebulae dominated by light from hydrogen atoms, blue reflection nebulae produced by dust reflecting starlight, and dark nebulae where dense dust clouds appear in silhouette. But, the red emission region roughly separated into three parts by obscuring dust lanes is what lends the Trifid its popular name. Pillars and jets sculpted by newborn stars, above and right of the emission nebula's center, appear in famous Hubble Space Telescope close-up images of the region. The Trifid Nebula is about 40 light-years across. Too faint to be seen by the unaided eye, in this deep telescopic view it almost covers the area of a full moon on planet Earth's sky.
https://science.nasa.gov/mission/hubble/science/explore-the-night-sky/hubble-messier-catalog/messier-20/
https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap080424.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trifid_Nebula
https://science.nasa.gov/asset/hubble/the-trifid-nebula-stellar-nursery-torn-apart-by-radiation-from-nearby-star/

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

Messier 20 (The Trifid Nebula)
NASA Hubble Mission Team

Look for Messier 20, better known as the Trifid Nebula, in August.
Distance

9,000 light-years
constellation

Sagittarius

Discovered by Charles Messier in 1764, M20 is a star-forming nebula located 9,000 light-years away from Earth in the constellation Sagittarius. Also known as the Trifid Nebula, M20 has an apparent magnitude of 6.3 and can be spotted with a small telescope. It is best observed during August.

These images' stair-step appearances result from the design of the camera used to take the exposures. The camera consisted of four light detectors, one of which provided a higher resolution but had a smaller field of view than the other three. Because the detector with the higher resolution did not cover as much area as the others, black regions were left when the images from all four detectors were combined into one picture.

This Hubble image of M20 has been colorized to indicate the presence of oxygen, sulfur and hydrogen.

The video zooms into Hubble’s image of the heart of the Trifid Nebula. The zoom starts by looking at the Sagittarius constellation in the night sky and dissolves into the Lagoon Nebula. The video then goes deeper into the sky to show the Trifid Nebula, with the star birth region appearing as the final spectacular image.

CREDIT
NASA, Z. Levay and L. Barranger (STScI)

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

This Hubble image reveals a star-forming cloud of gas and dust in M20 being torn apart by radiation from a massive nearby star, just beyond the top of the frame. Two thin, finger-like jets protrude from the head of a dense cloud in the upper left of the image, which might be forming new stars at their tips. The jets, each roughly three-quarters of a light-year long, are being eroded by the radiation from the massive star. The red in this image represents hydrogen and sulfur, while green represents oxygen.

CREDIT
NASA/ESA and Jeff Hester (Arizona State University)

https://science.nasa.gov/mission/hubble/science/explore-the-night-sky/hubble-messier-catalog/messier-20/

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

2009 May 22

East of Antares
* Credit & Copyright: Yuri Beletsky (ESO)
http://www.eso.org/

Explanation:
East of Antares, dark markings sprawl through crowded star fields toward the center of our Milky Way Galaxy. Cataloged in the early 20th century by astronomer E. E. Barnard, the obscuring interstellar dust clouds include B59, B72, B77 and B78, seen in silhouette against the starry background. Here, their combined shape suggests a pipe stem and bowl, and so the dark nebula's popular name is the Pipe Nebula. The deep and expansive view was recorded in very dark Chilean skies. It covers a full 10 by 7 degree field in the pronounceable constellation Ophiuchus. The Pipe Nebula is part of the Ophiuchus dark cloud complex located at a distance of about 450 light-years. Dense cores of gas and dust within the Pipe Nebula are collapsing to form stars.
https://arxiv.org/abs/0904.4169

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap090522.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

2009 May 21

IC 4592: A Blue Horsehead
* Credit & Copyright: Rogelio Bernal Andreo

Explanation:
This complex of beautiful, dusty reflection nebulae lies in the constellation Scorpius along the plane of our Milky Way Galaxy. Its overall outline suggests a horsehead in profile, though it covers a much larger region than the better known Horsehead Nebula of Orion. The star near the eye of the horse and the center of the 5 degree wide field, is embedded in blue reflection nebula IC 4592 over 400 light-years away. At that distance, the view spans nearly 40 light-years. The horse's gaze seems fixed on Beta Scorpii, also named Graffias, the bright star at the lower left. Toward the top right, near the horse's ear, is another striking bluish reflection nebula, IC 4601. The characteristic blue hue of reflection nebulae is caused by the tendency of interstellar dust to more strongly scatter blue starlight.

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap090521.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

2009 May 19

Sagittarius and the Central Milky Way
* Credit & Copyright: Robert Gendler
http://www.robgendlerastropics.com/Biography.html

Explanation:
What does the center of our Milky Way Galaxy look like? In visible light, no one knows! It is not possible to see the Galactic center in light our eyes are sensitive to because the thick dust in the plane of our Galaxy obscures it. If one looks in the direction of our Galaxy's center - which is toward the constellation of Sagittarius - many beautiful wonders become apparent, though. Large dust lanes and star clouds dominate the picture. As many as 30 Messier Objects are visible in the above spectacular image mosaic, including all types of nebulas and star clusters. Two notable nebula include the Lagoon Nebula (M8), a red patch just above and to the right of center, and slightly to its right is the red and blue Trifid Nebula (M20).

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap090519.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

2007 August 4

Sagittarius Triplet
* Credit & Copyright: Steve Mazlin, Jim Misti
http://www.mistisoftware.com/astronomy/index.htm
https://ourcolorfulcosmos.com/

Explanation:
These three bright nebulae are often featured in telescopic tours of the constellation Sagittarius and the crowded starfields of the central Milky Way. In fact, 18th century cosmic tourist Charles Messier cataloged two of them; M8, the nebula below and right of center, and colorful M20 at the upper right. The third, NGC 6559, is left of M8, separated from the the larger nebula by a dark dust lane. All three are stellar nurseries about five thousand light-years or so distant. The expansive M8, over a hundred light-years across, is also known as the Lagoon Nebula while M20's popular moniker is the Trifid. This stunning digital view is actually a collaborative composite recorded by 2 cameras and 2 telescopes about 2 thousand miles apart. The deep, wide image field was captured under dark Arizona skies. Both M8 and M20 were recorded in more detail from an observatory in Pennsylvania. Glowing hydrogen gas creates the dominant red color of the emission nebulae, with contrasting blue hues, most striking in the Trifid, due to dust reflected starlight.

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap070804.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

2025 June 25

"Rubin's First Look"
A Sagittarius Skyscape
* Image Credit & License: NSF–DOE Vera C. Rubin Observatory
https://rubinobservatory.org/

Explanation:
This interstellar skyscape spans over 4 degrees across crowded starfields toward the constellation Sagittarius and the central Milky Way. A First Look image captured at the new NSF–DOE Vera C. Rubin Observatory, the bright nebulae and star clusters featured include famous stops on telescopic tours of the cosmos: Messier 8 and Messier 20. An expansive star-forming region over a hundred light-years across, Messier 8 is also known as the Lagoon Nebula. About 4,000 light-years away the Lagoon Nebula harbors a remarkable cluster of young, massive stars. Their intense radiation and stellar winds energize and agitate this cosmic lagoon's turbulent depths. Messier 20's popular moniker is the Trifid. Divided into three parts by dark interstellar dust lanes, the Trifid Nebula's glowing hydrogen gas creates its dominant red color. But contrasting blue hues in the colorful Trifid are due to dust reflected starlight. The Rubin Observatory visited the Trifid-Lagoon field to acquire all the image data during parts of four nights (May 1-4). At full resolution, Rubin's magnificent Sagittarius skyscape is 84,000 pixels wide and 51,500 pixels tall.

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap250625.html

https://defcon.social/@grobi/114742138088169984

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

2025 March 10

NGC 1499: The California Nebula
* Image Credit & Copyright: Toni Fabiani Mendez
https://www.instagram.com/toni_fabiani/

Explanation:
Could Queen Calafia's mythical island exist in space? Perhaps not, but by chance the outline of this molecular space cloud echoes the outline of the state of California, USA. Our Sun has its home within the Milky Way's Orion Arm, only about 1,000 light-years from the California Nebula. Also known as NGC 1499, the classic emission nebula is around 100 light-years long. On the featured image, the most prominent glow of the California Nebula is the red light characteristic of hydrogen atoms recombining with long lost electrons, stripped away (ionized) by energetic starlight. The star most likely providing the energetic starlight that ionizes much of the nebular gas is the bright, hot, bluish Xi Persei just to the right of the nebula. A regular target for astrophotographers, the California Nebula can be spotted with a wide-field telescope under a dark sky toward the constellation of Perseus, not far from the Pleiades.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Nebula

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap250310.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

2024 November 25

The Horsehead Nebula
* Image Credit & Copyright: Alex Lin (Chilescope)
https://app.astrobin.com/u/MadNug#gallery
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CHILESCOPE

Explanation:
One of the most identifiable nebulas in the sky, the Horsehead Nebula in Orion, is part of a large, dark, molecular cloud. Also known as Barnard 33, the unusual shape was first discovered on a photographic plate in the late 1800s. The red glow originates from hydrogen gas predominantly behind the nebula, ionized by the nearby bright star Sigma Orionis. The darkness of the Horsehead is caused mostly by thick dust, although the lower part of the Horsehead's neck casts a shadow to the left. Streams of gas leaving the nebula are funneled by a strong magnetic field. Bright spots in the Horsehead Nebula's base are young stars just in the process of forming. Light takes about 1,500 years to reach us from the Horsehead Nebula. The featured image was taken from the Chilescope Observatory in the mountains of Chile.

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap241125.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

2025 July 10

Lynds Dark Nebula 1251
* Image Credit & Copyright: Cristiano Gualco
https://app.astrobin.com/u/CristianoGualco#gallery

Explanation:
Stars are forming in Lynds Dark Nebula (LDN) 1251. About 1,000 light-years away and drifting above the plane of our Milky Way galaxy, LDN 1251 is also less appetizingly known as "The Rotten Fish Nebula." The dusty molecular cloud is part of a complex of dark nebulae mapped toward the Cepheus flare region. Across the spectrum, astronomical explorations of the obscuring interstellar clouds reveal energetic shocks and outflows associated with newborn stars, including the telltale reddish glow from scattered Herbig-Haro objects hiding in the image. Distant background galaxies also lurk in the scene, almost buried behind the dusty expanse. This alluring telescopic frame spans almost three full moons on the sky. That corresponds to over 25 light-years at the estimated distance of LDN 1251.
https://app.astrobin.com/u/CristianoGualco?i=qyrq8r#gallery
https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1962ApJS....7....1L/abstract
https://arxiv.org/abs/1503.02934
https://arxiv.org/abs/0809.4761
https://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/scale_distance.html
https://science.nasa.gov/missions/hubble/awakening-newborn-stars/

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap250710.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

"The next few posts are a real 'matter of the heart'"

2024 December 17

Near to the Heart Nebula
* Image Credit & Copyright: Jeff Horne & Drew Evans
https://www.instagram.com/jeffreyhorne
https://www.instagram.com/drewjevans

Explanation:
What excites the Heart Nebula? First, the large emission nebula on the upper left, catalogued as IC 1805, looks somewhat like a human heart. The nebula glows brightly in red light emitted by its most prominent element, hydrogen, but this long-exposure image was also blended with light emitted by sulfur (yellow) and oxygen (blue). In the center of the Heart Nebula are young stars from the open star cluster Melotte 15 that are eroding away several picturesque dust pillars with their atom-exciting energetic light and winds. The Heart Nebula is located about 7,500 light years away toward the constellation of Cassiopeia. This wide field image shows much more, though, including the Fishhead Nebula just below the Heart, a supernova remnant on the lower left, and three planetary nebulas on the image right. Taken over 57 nights, this image is so deep, though, that it clearly shows fainter long and complex filaments.
https://www.instagram.com/p/DC1wDJZvRO8/
https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap031022.html
https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap040917.html

Location:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cassiopeia_(constellation)

Main Element:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrogen

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap241217.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

2018 February 14

In the Heart of the Heart Nebula
* Credit & Copyright: Alan Erickson

Explanation:
What's that inside the Heart Nebula? First, the large emission nebula dubbed IC 1805 looks, in whole, like a human heart. It's shape perhaps fitting of the Valentine's Day, this heart glows brightly in red light emitted by its most prominent element: hydrogen. The red glow and the larger shape are all created by a small group of stars near the nebula's center. In the heart of the Heart Nebula are young stars from the open star cluster Melotte 15 that are eroding away several picturesque dust pillars with their energetic light and winds. The open cluster of stars contains a few bright stars nearly 50 times the mass of our Sun, many dim stars only a fraction of the mass of our Sun, and an absent microquasar that was expelled millions of years ago. The Heart Nebula is located about 7,500 light years away toward the constellation of the mythological Queen of Aethiopia (Cassiopeia).

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap180214.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

2013 December 27

Melotte 15 in the Heart
* Image Credit & Copyright: Jimmy Walker
https://www.darkskywalker.com/

Explanation:
Cosmic clouds seem to form fantastic shapes in the central regions of emission nebula IC 1805. Of course, the clouds are sculpted by stellar winds and radiation from massive hot stars in the nebula's newborn star cluster, Melotte 15. About 1.5 million years young, the cluster stars are near the center of this colorful skyscape, along with dark dust clouds in silhouette. Dominated by emission from atomic hydrogen, the telescopic view spans about 30 light-years. But wider field images reveal that IC 1805's simpler, overall outline suggests its popular name - The Heart Nebula. IC 1805 is located along the northern Milky Way, about 7,500 light years distant toward the constellation Cassiopeia.

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap131227.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

2024 May 1

IC 1795: The Fishhead Nebula
* Image Credit & Copyright: Roberto Colombari & Mauro Narduzzi
https://www.flickr.com/people/110872523@N07/
https://app.astrobin.com/u/ToolMayNARD#gallery

Explanation:
To some, this nebula looks like the head of a fish. However, this colorful cosmic portrait really features glowing gas and obscuring dust clouds in IC 1795, a star forming region in the northern constellation Cassiopeia. The nebula's colors were created by adopting the Hubble color palette for mapping narrowband emissions from oxygen, hydrogen, and sulfur atoms to blue, green and red colors, and further blending the data with images of the region recorded through broadband filters. Not far on the sky from the famous Double Star Cluster in Perseus, IC 1795 is itself located next to IC 1805, the Heart Nebula, as part of a complex of star forming regions that lie at the edge of a large molecular cloud. Located just over 6,000 light-years away, the larger star forming complex sprawls along the Perseus spiral arm of our Milky Way Galaxy. At that distance, IC 1795 would span about 70 light-years across.

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap240501.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

The tiny open cluster at the center of the Heart Nebula (IC1805) is known as Melotte 15. But it’s not really the cluster we’re interested in, it’s the amazing, twisty bit of nebulosity there that steals the show. This image is the combination of data from two scopes: the Vixen R200SS Newtonian and the TS-Optics Photoline 130 refractor. Both have nearly the same focal length (922 and 908mm, respectively) with their correctors included. I shot the same target 48 hours apart in order to do a head-to-head comparison, but the results were so good for both scopes that I combined them into a single image.

Text credit
Charles Bracken
https://app.astrobin.com/i/flz30w

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

2024 October 22

M16: Pillars of Star Creation
* Image Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI; Processing: Diego Pisano
https://www.instagram.com/_diegopisano_/
https://www.nasa.gov/
https://www.esa.int/
https://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/
https://www.stsci.edu/

Explanation:
These dark pillars may look destructive, but they are creating stars. This pillar-capturing picture of the Eagle Nebula combines visible light exposures taken with the Hubble Space Telescope with infrared images taken with the James Webb Space Telescope to highlight evaporating gaseous globules (EGGs) emerging from pillars of molecular hydrogen gas and dust. The giant pillars are light years in length and are so dense that interior gas contracts gravitationally to form stars. At each pillar's end, the intense radiation of bright young stars causes low density material to boil away, leaving stellar nurseries of dense EGGs exposed. The Eagle Nebula, associated with the open star cluster M16, lies about 7000 light years away.

High Resolution:
https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/2410/M16_HubbleWebbPisano_6500.jpg

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap241022.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

Using data from NASA's Hubble and Webb space telescopes, astronomers and artists modeled the iconic Pillars of Creation in the Eagle Nebula (Messier 16 or M16) in three dimensions, creating a movie that allows viewers to fly past and among the pillars.

The new visualization helps viewers experience how two of the world's most powerful space telescopes work together to provide a more complex and holistic portrait of the pillars. Hubble sees objects that glow in visible light, at thousands of degrees. Webb's infrared vision, which is sensitive to cooler objects with temperatures of just hundreds of degrees, pierces through obscuring dust to see stars embedded in the pillars.

A bonus product from this visualization is a new 3D printable model of the Pillars of Creation. The base model of the four pillars used in the visualization has been adapted to the STL file format, so that viewers can download the model file and print it out on 3D printers. Examining the structure of the pillars in this tactile and interactive way adds new perspectives and insights to the overall experience.

Printable 3D Model:
https://universe-of-learning.org/contents/products/pillars-of-creation-3d-model

Credit:
* Producers: Greg Bacon and Frank Summers (STScI), NASA's Universe of Learning;
* Visualization: Greg Bacon, Ralf Crawford, Joseph DePasquale, Leah Hustak, Danielle Kirshenblat, Christian Nieves, Joseph Olmsted, Alyssa Pagan, and Frank Summers (STScI), Robert L. Hurt (Caltech, IPAC); Science
* Advisor: Anna McLeod (Durham University);
* Music: Joseph DePasquale (STScI)

https://science.nasa.gov/missions/hubble/new-hubble-webb-pillars-of-creation-visualization/

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA #education

2024 September 18
A starfield is shown with a long blue-glowing nebula taking up much of the frame. The nebula appears, to some, similar to a fish or a mermaid.

The Mermaid Nebula Supernova Remnant
* Image Credit & Copyright: Neil Corke; Text: Natalia Lewandowska (SUNY Oswego)
https://app.astrobin.com/u/NeilCorke#gallery
https://ww1.oswego.edu/physics/profile/natalia-lewandowska
https://ww1.oswego.edu/physics/

Explanation:
New stars are born from the remnants of dead stars. The gaseous remnant of the gravitational collapse and subsequent death of a very massive star in our Milky Way created the G296.5+10.0 supernova remnant, of which the featured Mermaid Nebula is part. Also known as the Betta Fish Nebula, the Mermaid Nebula makes up part of an unusual subclass of supernova remnants that are two-sided and nearly circular. Originally discovered in X-rays, the filamentary nebula is a frequently studied source also in radio and gamma-ray light. The blue color visible here originates from doubly ionized oxygen (OIII), while the deep red is emitted by hydrogen gas. The nebula's mermaid-like shape has proven to be useful for measurements of the interstellar magnetic field.

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap240918.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA

2025 July 13

Planetary Nebula Mz3: The Ant Nebula
* Image Credit: NASA, ESA, R. Sahai (JPL) et al., Hubble Heritage Team
https://www.nasa.gov/
https://www.esa.int/https://science.jpl.nasa.gov/people/Sahai/
https://www.jpl.nasa.gov/

Explanation:
Why isn't this ant a big sphere? Planetary nebula Mz3 is being cast off by a star similar to our Sun that is, surely, round. Why then would the gas that is streaming away create an ant-shaped nebula that is distinctly not round? Clues might include the high 1000-kilometer per second speed of the expelled gas, the light-year long length of the structure, and the magnetism of the star featured here at the nebula's center. One possible answer is that Mz3 is hiding a second, dimmer star that orbits close in to the bright star. A competing hypothesis holds that the central star's own spin and magnetic field are channeling the gas. Since the central star appears to be so similar to our own Sun, astronomers hope that increased understanding of the history of this giant space ant can provide useful insight into the likely future of our own Sun and Earth.
https://esahubble.org/news/heic0101/
https://science.nasa.gov/asset/hubble/the-ant-nebula-menzel-3-fiery-lobes-protrude-from-dying-sun-like-star/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mz_3

https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2004AJ....128.1694G/abstract
https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap971106.html

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap250713.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA

2023 March 21

Dark Nebulae and Star Formation in Taurus
* Image Credit & Copyright: Vikas Chander
https://www.instagram.com/vikaschanderastrophotography/

Explanation:
Can dust be beautiful? Yes, and it can also be useful. The Taurus molecular cloud has several bright stars, but it is the dark dust that really draws attention. The pervasive dust has waves and ripples and makes picturesque dust bunnies, but perhaps more importantly, it marks regions where interstellar gas is dense enough to gravitationally contract to form stars. In the image center is a light cloud lit by neighboring stars that is home not only to a famous nebula, but to a very young and massive famous star. Both the star, T Tauri, and the nebula, Hind's Variable Nebula, are seen to vary dramatically in brightness -- but not necessarily at the same time, adding to the mystery of this intriguing region. T Tauri and similar stars are now generally recognized to be Sun-like stars that are less than a few million years old and so still in the early stages of formation. The featured image spans about four degrees not far from the Pleiades star cluster, while the featured dust field lies about 400 light-years away.

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap230321.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA

2025 July 16

The Rosette Nebula from DECam
* Image Credit: CTIO, NOIRLab, DOE, NSF, AURA
https://noirlab.edu/public/programs/ctio/
https://noirlab.edu/
https://www.energy.gov/
https://www.nsf.gov/
https://www.aura-astronomy.org/
* Processing: T. A. Rector (U. Alaska Anchorage), D. de Martin (NSF’s NOIRLab) & M. Zamani
http://aftar.uaa.alaska.edu/
https://mahdizamani.com/about
https://www.uaa.alaska.edu/
https://www.nsf.gov/
https://noirlab.edu/public/

Explanation:
Would the Rosette Nebula by any other name look as sweet? The bland New General Catalog designation of NGC 2237 doesn't appear to diminish the appearance of this flowery emission nebula, as captured by the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) on the Blanco 4-meter telescope at the NSF's Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile. Inside the nebula lies an open cluster of bright young stars designated NGC 2244. These stars formed about four million years ago from the nebular material and their stellar winds are clearing a hole in the nebula's center, insulated by a layer of dust and hot gas. Ultraviolet light from the hot cluster stars causes the surrounding nebula to glow. The Rosette Nebula spans about 100 light-years across, lies about 5000 light-years away, and can be seen with a small telescope towards the constellation of the Unicorn (Monoceros).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosette_Nebula
https://noirlab.edu/public/images/noirlab2424a/
https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap000111.html
https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993ApJ...414..664K/abstract
https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2000A%26A...358..553H/abstract
https://www.bartleby.com/lit-hub/familiar-quotations/1210-william-shakespeare-1564-1616-john-bartlett/
https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap030706.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_General_Catalogue

Location:
https://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/constellations/monoceros.html

https://noirlab.edu/public/programs/ctio/victor-blanco-4m-telescope/
https://noirlab.edu/public/programs/ctio/
https://noirlab.edu/public/programs/ctio/victor-blanco-4m-telescope/decam/

https://spaceplace.nasa.gov/constellations/en/

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap250716.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #education

2024 August 10

The Light, Dark, and Dusty Trifid
* Image Credit & Copyright: Robert Edelmaier and Gabriele Gegenbauer
https://www.astropicture.at/

Explanation:
Messier 20, popularly known as the Trifid Nebula, lies about 5,000 light-years away toward the nebula rich constellation Sagittarius. A star forming region in the plane of our galaxy, the Trifid does illustrate three different types of astronomical nebulae; red emission nebulae dominated by light from hydrogen atoms, blue reflection nebulae produced by dust reflecting starlight, and dark nebulae where dense dust clouds appear in silhouette. The reddish emission region, roughly separated into three parts by obscuring dust lanes, is what lends the Trifid its popular name. The cosmic cloud complex is over 40 light-years across and would cover the area of a full moon on planet Earth's sky. But the Trifid Nebula is too faint to be seen by the unaided eye. Over 75 hours of image data captured under dark night skies was used to create this stunning telescopic view.

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap240810.html

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #education

2025 July 21

Cat's Paw Nebula from Webb Space Telescope
* Image Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI
https://www.nasa.gov/
https://www.esa.int/
https://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/
https://www.stsci.edu/

Explanation:
Nebulas are perhaps as famous for being identified with familiar shapes as perhaps cats are for getting into trouble. Still, no known cat could have created the vast Cat's Paw Nebula visible toward the constellation of the Scorpion (Scorpius). At 5,700 light years distant, Cat's Paw is an emission nebula within a larger molecular cloud. Alternatively known as the Bear Claw Nebula and cataloged as NGC 6334, stars nearly ten times the mass of our Sun have been born there in only the past few million years. Pictured here is a recently released image of the Cat's Paw taken in infrared light by the James Webb Space Telescope. This newly detailed view into the nebula helps provide insight for how turbulent molecular clouds turn gas into stars.
https://webbtelescope.org/contents/media/images/2025/129/01JY2AEHHAE4057AGG56YHW1CQ
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NGC_6334

https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap250721.html

https://astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/E/Emission+Nebula
https://www.giss.nasa.gov/research/briefs/archive/1998_canuto_01/

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #education

NASA’s Webb Scratches Beyond Surface of Cat’s Paw for 3rd Anniversary
NASA Webb Mission Team

It’s the cat’s meow! To celebrate its third year of revealing stunning scenes of the cosmos in infrared light, NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope has “clawed” back the thick, dusty layers of a section within the Cat’s Paw Nebula (NGC 6334). Focusing Webb’s NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) on a single “toe bean” within this active star-forming region revealed a subset of mini toe beans, which appear to contain young stars shaping the surrounding gas and dust.

Webb’s look at this particular area of the Cat’s Paw Nebula just scratches the surface of the telescope’s three years of groundbreaking science.

“Three years into its mission, Webb continues to deliver on its design – revealing previously hidden aspects of the universe, from the star formation process to some of the earliest galaxies,” said Shawn Domagal-Goldman, acting director of the Astrophysics Division at NASA Headquarters in Washington. “As it repeatedly breaks its own records, Webb is also uncovering unknowns for new generations of flagship missions to tackle. Whether it’s following up on the mysteries of dark matter with NASA’s nearly complete Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope, or narrowing our search for life to Earth-like planets with the Habitable Worlds Observatory, the questions Webb has raised are just as exciting as the answers it’s giving us.”

[...]

The progression from a large molecular cloud to massive stars entails multiple steps, some of which are still not well understood by astronomers.

https://science.nasa.gov/missions/webb/nasas-webb-scratches-beyond-surface-of-cats-paw-for-3rd-anniversary/

Video:
Zoom to the Cat's Paw Nebula

Credits:
* Video: Danielle Kirshenblat (STSCI)
* Narration: Danielle Kirshenblat (STSCI)

* Acknowledgement: Akira Fujii, VISTA and DSS

NASA, ESA, CSA, STSCI

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #ESA #education

[...]
Located approximately 4,000 light-years away in the constellation Scorpius, the Cat’s Paw Nebula offers scientists the opportunity to study the turbulent cloud-to-star process in great detail. Webb’s observation of the nebula in near-infrared light builds upon previous studies by NASA’s Hubble and retired Spitzer Space Telescope in visible- and infrared-light, respectively.

With its sharp resolution, Webb shows never-before-seen structural details and features: Massive young stars are carving away at nearby gas and dust, while their bright starlight is producing a bright nebulous glow represented in blue. It’s a temporary scene where the disruptive young stars, with their relatively short lives and luminosity, have a brief but important role in the region’s larger story. As a consequence of these massive stars’ lively behavior, the local star formation process will eventually come to a stop.

Start with the toe bean at top center, which is nicknamed the “Opera House” for its circular, tiered-like structure. The primary drivers for the area’s cloudy blue glow are most likely toward its bottom: either the light from the bright yellowish stars or from a nearby source still hidden behind the dense, dark brown dust.

Just below the orange-brown tiers of dust is a bright yellow star with diffraction spikes. While this massive star has carved away at its immediate surroundings, it has been unable to push the gas and dust away to greater distances, creating a compact shell of surrounding material.
[...]

https://science.nasa.gov/missions/webb/nasas-webb-scratches-beyond-surface-of-cats-paw-for-3rd-anniversary/

Credits:
* Producers: Greg Bacon (STScI), Frank Summers (STScI)
* Image Processing: Joe DePasquale (STScI)
* Music: Joe DePasquale (STScI)
* Designers: Ralf Crawford (STScI), Leah Hustak (STScI), Christian Nieves (STScI), Alyssa Pagan (STScI)
* Images: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI; ESO/VISTA.

#space #nebula #astrophotography #photography #science #astronomy #physics #nature #NASA #education