A reminder: The reason so many firms on their websites constantly urge you to install and use their apps instead of their websites is that the apps typically give them access to VASTLY more data about you and your activities. Don't fall for it.
@lauren To what extent holds this true when the user rejects any permission an app requests, such as location, camera, microphone, your contacts, storage etc? And if the app refuses to work when rejecting permissions, without a reasonable reason, I uninstall the app.
@martinrust There are still some fundamental permissions that are always granted, and the permissions models have changed significantly in major ways as Android versions have changed over time.
@lauren I'd be happy if someone elaborate on that, or links an article that does.
@lauren Another aspect of that question: the privacy conformance of web sites depends on the privacy conformance of the browser it runs on. Not all browsers might be the same privacy-protective over time. After all, browsers technically are just apps.
@martinrust You can say the same thing about apps, especially in the Android space, where there are vast numbers of different devices running different Android versions and update levels, many with different permission models and more.

@martinrust @lauren

It depends whether the user has realised they need to go deep into their Android phone settings and disable the advertising ID.

https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2022/05/how-disable-ad-id-tracking-ios-and-android-and-why-you-should-do-it-now

(and whether the web browser they would use instead is still enthusiastically allowing every single third-party cookie, like Google Chrome)

How to Disable Ad ID Tracking on iOS and Android, and Why You Should Do It Now

The ad identifier - aka “IDFA” on iOS, or “AAID” on Android - is the key that enables most third-party tracking on mobile devices. Disabling it will make it substantially harder for advertisers and data brokers to track and profile you, and will limit the amount of your personal information up for...

Electronic Frontier Foundation
@sourcejedi @martinrust Largely a useless exercise. That ID is only a tiny issue in the scheme of things.