something's not right! actually it's very common for stuff from ewaste to be missing any captive cables. those get cut off for copper scrap and to prevent items from tangling. engineers: please don't design products with captive cables!
welp, the bootstrap resistor is open circuit! it should be 100K. the main power transistor (NPN BJT) is in the background, a Motorola 20595. pin 1 is the base, 2 is the collector, and 3 is the emitter.
well that was the problem. it powers up and provides 5V into a 1A load. (the big ceramic resistor is something I bodged as a way to discharge the input reservoir capacitors). it chirps pretty loudly during power on, not sure what's up with that.
this power supply needs an initial "kick" to get voltages to appear in a bunch of places that bias up the oscillator and power transistor drive circuit. the 100k resistor (circled) provides that.
thinking about how to upgrade the ROM 00 to ROM 01, i noticed that some (but not all) 27C1000 chips have the OE# input on pin 2 rather than on pin 24. this means that i could fit this 32 pin chip in the 28 pin ROM socket and let pins 1, 2, 31, and 32 hang off the end, and the remaining pins match 1:1!