I just deployed a Mastodon bot that posts forecasts for the most dangerous upcoming heatwaves

You can follow it at

@heatwave

To determine how dangerous a heatwave is, it uses wet-bulb temperature, which is the temperature that a body can be cooled to by evaporation

Sweating works to cool you because generally the wet-bulb temperature is lower than body temperature

As wet-bulb temperature increases and approaches body temperature, people can no longer cool themselves by sweating and will die

@heatwave And apologies to Americans, this is a Celsius-speaking bot

If there is enough interest I might deploy an alternate Fahrenheit version of the bot

@eob @heatwave Mnemonic for my fellow Americans on Celsius temps: Zero is freezing, ten is not, twenty is nice, and thirty is hot.

@LilyoftheRally @eob @heatwave

Can you givexus a verse for understanding Fahrenheit?

@CGdoppelpunkt @LilyoftheRally @eob @heatwave imperial measurements suck, best I can give you is "0 is freezing, 30 is still freezing, 60 is nice, 90 is hot"
Or "0 is freezing, 40 is not, 80 is warm, 120 is hot hot"
But those attitudes depend on where you live. Where I am in California, 75 is hot enough for people to wear our skimpiest clothes and 85 is hot enough for people to start complaining. More South or East still in Cali, people regularly see 110+. Another reason pneumonics are hard.
@raphaelmorgan @CGdoppelpunkt @LilyoftheRally @eob @heatwave
When I had to learn Fahrenheits I found one suggestion quite intuitive. Assume the Fahrenheit scale as a percentage of "hotness". As in 0° is no heat at all in the air. One can freeze to death at that temperature. While 100° is 100% hot, it's really hot, and one can die of heat stroke at that temperature. Everything in between is a gradient between these two extremes with the comfortable zone at about 70%, pardon, 70°F

@CGdoppelpunkt

For understanding Fahrenheit:

Frostbite at 20;
Freeze at 32;
Chilly at 60;
Charred past 100.

@LilyoftheRally @eob @heatwave

@eob @heatwave I have always believed that if we intend on getting a message across to someone we must speak at their level. Climate change is a critical issue and using Fahrenheit is important so that those in the US understand the message. They also happen to be the biggest contributer to CC. In an ideal world they would understand Celcius but they don't.

So it would be advantageous to also use Fahrenheit .

@MichaelBishop @heatwave Good point.

I have created a second bot, @heatwave_usa , which is for heat waves just in the USA, and I configured it to present the temperatures in Fahrenheit

@eob @heatwave @heatwave_usa

Why not just have one that's global and includes both C/F? Would be beneficial for everyone to see that extreme weather events are happing everywhere.

@eob @heatwave may this bot be the nudge we need to finally embrace the metric system here in the US
@eob @heatwave
Dont bother, its time we joined the rest of the world and learned metric and to understand celsius.
Your doing us a favor by making us think.

@eob @heatwave TBQH, Americans all learn to convert in school. °F = (°C * 9/5) + 32.

The rest of the world seems baffled that everyone over the age of 12 knows this. It's frankly easier than converting to Celsius.

You can fudge it by doubling it and adding 30 for the simplest math.

@eob @heatwave Cool bot! I think the american entries require a state, though. Eg, https://botsin.space/@heatwave/112631888162183448 "Port O'Conner, United States of America" doesn't make much sense to a US person unless you also include "Texas" in there. And "Sebastian, United States of America" appears to actually be in Mexico rather than the US (at least judging from the tile)? https://botsin.space/@heatwave/112632361099835103
Heat Wave (@heatwave@botsin.space)

51 hours from now in Port O'Connor, United States of America the wet-bulb temperature will be 27°C This will be a margin of 10 degrees below body temperature which will be uncomfortable The humidity will be 89% The actual temperature will be 28°C It will feel like 35°C There will will be moderate rain https://www.google.com/search?q=%22Port%20O'Connor%22+United%20States%20of%20America+excessive+heat https://tile.openstreetmap.org/6/14/26.png

botsin.space
@Andres4NY @eob @heatwave I looked Sebastian up, there's one in Florida
Edit: the one in the post was apparently in Texas. I might have looked up a different post, or there are multiple lol
But there are a lot of Spanish names in Texas and California because these areas used to be part of Mexico

@raphaelmorgan @Andres4NY @heatwave Yeah, I need to improve how the place is presented, either by having a more unambiguous name, or by showing the location explicitly on a map

It turns out the intended Sebastian in this case is actually in Texas, just across the border from Mexico, so it is on the little map, just it is such a small place that it is not named

Here it is in another map:

@eob @raphaelmorgan @Andres4NY @heatwave

Yeah, the US is full of place names that repeat in more than one state. 😯

One of the oddest things for me when reading a map of another state, is finding small towns with the same name as cities in my state, or vice-versa! 😅

So yes, some clarity would make a big difference! 😎

@5ciFiGirl @raphaelmorgan @Andres4NY @heatwave Thanks for the feedback.

I updated the bot to include the state. Hopefully that makes in more useful.

I also added a separate US-specific bot: @heatwave_usa

@eob @heatwave I'm European and I'm happy with Celsius, but maybe you could use both systems (eg. 35° C/95 F in xyz)
@eob @heatwave I’d like to add my vote for parenthetical °F rather than a separate bot. I don’t know what the API supports, but I’d be more inclined to follow a bot that only posted when temperatures were very high, especially if it could list every place where the wet bulb temperature is above the limit

@eob @heatwave
I don't mind getting the measurements in logical units... For my part, the conversion is pretty trivial.

I do have one adaptation that might be useful: I notice that it mentions specific cities and the country... I suspect mentioning state/province/region would be handy for some of us. Like, for my location I could follow and filter specifically for mentions of Oregon and Washington.

Celsius to Fahrenheit conversion : ºC to ºF calculator

Celsius to Fahrenheit (ºC to ºF) conversion calculator for temperature conversions with additional information tables and formulas.

@eob @heatwave I need to implement this in my weather station software.

@drwho @heatwave This is the formula I used:

https://github.com/eobrain/heat-wave/blob/main/wetbulb.js

Strictly speaking, wet-bulb temperature can only be measured by a physical device, but this formula seems to be a reasonable estimate based just on temperature and relative humidity

heat-wave/wetbulb.js at main · eobrain/heat-wave

Find upcoming heat waves somewhere in the world. Contribute to eobrain/heat-wave development by creating an account on GitHub.

GitHub

@eob @heatwave Handily, I do have such a physical device running in my back yard.

Thanks for the link. That should hold until I get the other temperature sensor wired up.

@eob @drwho @heatwave WBT is defined theoretically and as such it can reliably be calculated from the air temp and humidity. Measurements are less exact because no measuring instrument is perfect. Back in the day every weather station measured humidity based on the measured WBT, but these days the tech has gone past that and it's no longer necessary.
@eob @heatwave Finally, a Masto bot more deadly than my Midsomer Murders bot @midsomerplots
@eob that's cool! Just wondering what you're using to host this? @heatwave

@Ruth_Mottram @heatwave Thanks

It runs on a small cheap Linux cloud server

I deployed a program that when run, uses the OpenWeather API to find a forecast with high wet-bulb temperature and then generates a Mastodon post

I use the standard Linux cron service to invoke it once an hour

@eob @heatwave cool thanks - I'm in the process of setting something similar up (for ice sheets) and looking for easy/cheap ways to do it too..
@eob @heatwave Very nice. Thank you for creating and sharing.
@eob this is a wonderful project, thank you for making it
@eob @heatwave feature request: append a hashtag of the city name, so anyone following their city's hashtags will see this info without needing to follow the account and thereby see every other city's warnings.

@matt @heatwave Thanks for the suggestion. I have added hashtags for the country.

Adding a hashtag for the city is not easy as I don't reliably get the nearest city. I usually however can determine the US state (or equivalent in other countries), so maybe I'll make that a hashtag.

@eob @heatwave This is pretty neat. I like it. Can you add hashtags to it for the major city if it's within, say, 24 hours of the wave? Might be actually useful as a warning system.

I'm sure some may not like that idea, but sometimes lives are on the line.

@eob @heatwave Oh. I see @matt beat me by 4 minutes. Haha.
@shanie @eob @heatwave you know what they say, great minds pester for features alike... or something like that.

@shanie @heatwave Good idea

I probably need to do some work on the geocoding first though, as the current place displayed is often a very small local place rather than a widely recognized city or region

@eob @heatwave guess i can see my place pretty often there.

@eob @heatwave it seems that currently the "rain/clearsky" part has a duplicate "will"

"There will will be [..]"

great work, hopefully I dont need to use it

@eob @heatwave question: would this post about US locations only or worldwide?

@da_kink @heatwave The original bot posts about heat waves worldwide

However I just deployed a second bot

@heatwave_usa

which only reports on heat waves in the USA

@eob @heatwave

Looks like a good way of getting people to take climate change more seriously 👏

Any chance of putting the source of the info on the actual account profile? I know it's there on the website but it takes a bit of digging, it might add credibility to the warning if the source is right there?

@eob @heatwave
Thank you. I appreciate this. Would it be possible to include the US state as well as the city?

@eob

Great bot, have followed.

You have a small error in the last sentence where you have a double "will"

@heatwave @eob

Why is it called a bulb?

@CGdoppelpunkt @heatwave @eob It used to be measured with a wet cloth around the glass bulb of an analogue thermometer (the bulb being the rounded bit at the bottom where the temperature is actually measured from). So literally the thermometer’s bulb was kept wet. A regular temperature measurement can also be referred to as ‘dry-bulb temperature’ from the way it was measured.
@eob @heatwave pretty cool project. There seems to be a typo in the template:
"There will will be clear sky"
"There will will be moderate rain"
@eob There's an extra "will" in the weather line
@eob @heatwave The problem is not so much the °C/°F dispute (of course, as a European I think °C is much better, but you could display both 😉). It's the geographic relevance together with the posting frequency. One such bot per geographic area (e.g., per continent), maybe only reporting about other areas in extreme cases, would probably be something more people would follow. Anyways, thank you!
@eob @heatwave this is cool! But would it be possible to limit it to only heatwaves that are currently happening, or have a separate bot for current heatwaves and one for forecasts, or something like that? (Asking as someone who lives in an area prone to heatwaves)

@eob

Thank you! This is the clearest explanation of wet-bulb temperatures that I have seen! I am finally starting to understand what it means! 😎

And I will definitely follow this bot!

@5ciFiGirl @eob
Keep in mind that this is all based on sweat evaporation being the only cooling mechanism someone has available. I'm afraid if we look at the current overconfident language the bot is using vs. what will come out in the news about any deaths in the various areas with heatwave warnings we will see a big mismatch, i.e. hardly anyone dying even when the bot says things like "people WILL die".

@zir4n @5ciFiGirl Thanks for the feedback. Yes, perhaps the language of the posts is over-dramatic and does not have enough nuance.

A more nuanced wording might use something like "unprotected people" or "people without access to air conditioning". And maybe the wording should say something about how important the length of time exposed to the excessive heat, which is another factor.

I'll see if I can come up with other wording, perhaps citing a reputable source