@YurkshireLad @Gargron Extensions are part of ActivityPub (well, of ActivityStreams, to be exact), so both are true. :)
reference : https://www.w3.org/TR/activitystreams-core/#extensibility
@YurkshireLad @Gargron If they want to consume the specific ActivityStreams types, yes. Even in that case, most of the content produced by Mastodon is consumable as is : without implementing extensions, you would be able to list posts from a given user, and follow them for example. Plus, it's not really a problem for Mastodon, as it's the de facto reference implementation, everybody is aware of what they add. :)
You can see the extended types there : https://docs.joinmastodon.org/spec/activitypub/#extensions-not-defined-by-activitystreams