#Shame and #Circumcision in #Africa (preprint)
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/369884791_Shame_and_Circumcision_in_Africa_preprint
"What is revealed is experiences of shame are largely a consequence of demands of communities of respect where one’s social identity overrides one’s individual identity. ... the uncircumcised as well as those circumcised outside cultural dictates ... would suffer shame on account of having transgressed or overlooked their cultural responsibilities, which effectively delegitimizes their societal belonging."

