Playful Math 184: Carnival of Living Math
Welcome to the 184th edition of the Playful Math Education Blog Carnival â a smorgasbord of delectable tidbits of mathy fun. Itâs like a free online magazine devoted to learning, teaching, and playing around with math from preschool to high school.
With all the links, a blog carnival can feel overwhelming. Bookmark this article, so you can take your time reading the posts.
âLiving mathâ means bringing our children face-to-face with the big ideas of mathematics to help them develop their reasoning skills. When the ideas of math come to life for our children, their minds delight in seeing how numbers and shapes connect to each other and exploring these relationships.
Scattered between the playful math links below, youâll find quotations from my new book Charlotte Masonâs Living Math, along with several paintings of children playing and learning which I considered for the book but ran out of room.
âThe lessonâ by Rafael Frederico, 1895.By tradition, we start the carnival with a puzzle/activity in honor of our 184th edition. But if youâd rather jump straight to our featured blog posts, click here to see the Table of Contents.
Puzzle: Playing with Primes
Prussian mathematician Christian Goldbach, in correspondence with Swiss polymath Leonhard Euler, posed several ideas about number theory (the study of natural numbers) which he couldnât prove. The version we know now as Goldbachâs Conjecture is:
Every even natural number greater than 2 is the sum of two prime numbers.
Goldbachâs Conjecture is one of the oldest and best-known unsolved problems in math. It has been shown to hold for numbers less than 4 Ă 10^18, but remains unsettled for larger numbers.
Our carnival number can be written as the sum of primes in eight ways:
184 = 181 + 3
= 179 + 5
= 173 + 11
= 167 + 17
= 137 + 47
= 131 + 53
= 113 + 71
= 101 + 83
184 can also be written as the sum of four consecutive prime numbers:
184 = 41 + 43 + 47 + 53
Play around with Goldbachâs Conjecture and prime numbers.
- What do you notice about sums of primes?
- What do you wonder?
- What other questions can you ask?
Did you know the prime numbers come in a pattern? While it can be hard to prove for sure which large numbers are prime, there are infinitely many numbers that we can be confident are not prime.
- List some large numbers that you know are not prime. How do you know?
- Fill in this worksheet and consider the patterns.
- Now can you list more large numbers that are not prime? Can you tell some that might be?
âWoman and Children in Arendalâ by Edvard Munch, 1886.Contents
And now, on to the main attraction: the blog posts. Some articles were submitted by their authors; others were drawn from the immense backlog in my rss reader. If youâd like to skip directly to your area of interest, click one of these links.
- Talking Math with Kids
- Exploring Elementary Arithmetic
- Adventuring into Algebra and Geometry
- Scaling the Slopes of High School Math
- Enjoying Recreational Puzzles and Math Art
- Teaching with Wisdom and Grace
- Giving Credit Where Itâs Due
âThe First Lessonâ by Carlton Alfred Smith, 1893. Talking Math with Kids
âFrom their birth, children have minds just like ours, hungry for knowledge and able to digest solid mental food. They enter life full of wonder, questioning, investigating the world, reasoning, and drawing conclusions.â
âDenise Gaskins
- Dan Finkel invents Trifle â a new, very small game. âI invented a small game off the cuff last night. I needed a super quick game to play with my 6.5-year-old before bedtime.â
- Christopher Danielson shares the conversations that launched his yet-unpublished book: On vehicles and the meanings of words. âThese questions are simple yet deep. They can inform our current conversations in which we seek to regain our understanding of truth, meaning, and empathy.â
- Digging through Christopher Danielsonâs delightful archives, I find: A circular conversation, and Doll years, and Does the Earth have an end?. âIf you are new to talking math with your kids, donât worry about getting the timing right. Just start to make a habit of asking those questions. The first few times, you may not get much. Thatâs OK. It can be like introducing new foods â children need multiple exposures to new things before they accept them.â
- Tom Hobson tells how to build A State-of-the-Art Preschool Playground (for under $200) that will prompt all sorts of math (and other) talk. âAs educational as these kinds of spaces are for children, these wonderlands of loose parts, dirt, rocks and compost, these bastions of junkyard chic, they are often perceived as eyesores by the uninitiated. Before going too far, you might want to save up to build a fence.â
- Writing is talking on paper. Dylan Kane tries Incorporating more writing in 7th grade math. âSlowing down and writing about a topic is a great way to think deeply about it, to make connections, to consider hypotheticals, to reason about cause and effect.â
- Jenna Laib gets 4th-graders writing math: How Many Nivelsnorts: Assessing Silly Story Problems. âPerhaps this speaks to who I was as a child, but there is a playfulness and a creativity to getting to write about nivelsnorts and flying tomatoes, and I donât see a need to deny students that.â
âWriting Lessonâ by Renoir, circa 1905.[Back to top.]
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Exploring Elementary Arithmetic
âThat he should do sums is of comparatively small importance; but the use of those functions which âsummingâ calls into play is a great part of education.â
âCharlotte Mason
- Sarah Dees explains one of my favorite math games: How to Play Target Number. âThis is a fabulous math game that works for third grade all the way up through 6th. You can choose the complexity of the game by choosing how many dice to use.â
- Erick Lee poses A Problem Worth Solving. âI liked this problem because there are so many different ways to approach it and so many interesting patterns to see while solving it.â
- Susan Smith and Kim Montague explore Factor Puzzles: Helping Math Make Sense. âThatâs the challenge we pose to students: What do you notice about the puzzle you see? What relationships pop out to you?â
- John Golden teaches Statistics and Probability for K-8 Teachers with some fun resources: Who Wins? âLots of great discussion about variation, mean, median and their limitations.â
âMusic Lessonâ by Shirataki Ikunosuke, 1897.[Back to top.]
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Adventuring into Algebra and Geometry
âIf students find our lessons boring, that is because we are not engaging their minds. Children learn by thinking, imagining, reflecting, reasoning, arguing, justifying, and communicating, putting their thoughts into words. Learning, like digestion, is active.â
âDenise Gaskins
- Iva Sallay graphs a Cat Rotating Around a Bouncing Ball. âThis year, the 9th-graders I work with at school need to know how to rotate a shape around a point that is NOT the origin. This is a topic I had never thought about before. To patch up this hole in my math knowledge, I decided to play with rotations in Desmos.â
- Karen Latham offers suggestions for Making the Most of Probability. âI like to have students work several counting problems by hand, so they have experience simplifying expressions with factorials. Then they can move on and let the calculator do the work.â
- David Butler plays with a geometric puzzle: When perimeter is equal to area. âOne answer I discovered to this question is completely surprising and delightful to me. You may want to attempt to prove it yourself before I show you my proofâŠâ
- Andrew Staccy categorizes Catriona Aggâs Puzzles by Topic. âThe various techniques are grouped into categories and ordered roughly by complexity. Puzzles may appear more than once as they can have multiple ways of being solved.â
- Pat Ballew takes a look at Heron and his Formula(s). âHeron is also remembered for his invention of a primitive steam engine and many early automatons, and a coin operated vending machine, and one of the earliest forerunners of the thermometer.â
âChildren and chickenâ by Gaetano Chierici, circa 1900.[Back to top.]
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Scaling the Slopes of High School Math
âNever are the operations of Reason more delightful and more perfect than in mathematics. There is great joy in standing by, as it were, and watching our own thought work out an intricate problem.â
âCharlotte Mason
- Christopher Burke posts a series of Geometry Problems of the Day from the Regents Exam, with solutions. âThis is a silly question because itâs obvious that both Choices (1) and (2) cannot both be true, so one of them must be the answer.â
- Oliver Johnson explores the probability that your shopping receipt ends in .00: Timeâs Arrow. âThis âeverything has the same chanceâ collection of probabilities is called the uniform distribution, and itâs really important. But what might be surprising is how easily we reach it, and how few items we need to pick up in a supermarket to make it appear.â
- Sue VanHattum needs beta-readers for Althea and the Mysteries of Calculus, version 8.2. âIâm still finding places where I need to add a bit to make the math clearer. Adding a touch of color here, removing something out of place there. I feel like a sculptor or painter.â
- Erick Lee shares A Calculus Esti-Mystery. âInstead of using basic number properties for the clues, I leveled it up. To unlock the clues, my students had to evaluate derivatives.â
âFishermanâs Children, Capriâ by Sophie Anderson, circa 1870.[Back to top.]
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Enjoying Recreational Puzzles and Math Art
âWe take strong ground when we appeal to the beauty and truth of Mathematics. Mathematics are to be studied for their own sake and not as they make for general intelligence and grasp of mind. But then how profoundly worthy are these subjects of study for their own sake!â
âCharlotte Mason
- David Butler (and daughter) explore a math/art puzzle: Jenga Views. âOne thing I particularly like about them is that you donât need an answer key, because you can just look at your construction and tell if it looks right or not. Thereâs something empowering about being able to check it yourself.â
- John Golden shares a couple of shape puzzles: Five by Five, and his variation on the theme: Seven by Seven. âEasier to solve, but more solutions. Better for free play. If you made something cool, tangram style, I would love to see it!â
- Rick Mohr welcomes us to a world of Tiled Art. âenjoy a gallery of artworks as each emerges from an underlying grid. And try creating your own tessellation, with the tiles staying interlocked automatically.â
- I post two excerpts from my new book, Charlotte Masonâs Living Math: Discover Math in Art, and the math equation journaling prompt True-False-True. âThis puzzle pushes students to consider the structure of mathematical expressions. Make it a game by letting your children challenge you, too.â
- Andrew Taylor creates things with math. Iâve been enjoying his puzzle game Celtix. âCeltic knots are a rich tradition, but for the sake of reducing them to a game mechanic you can think of them as ribbons which âbounceâ off âwallsâ which you can add by clicking anywhere that the ribbons cross each other.â
- Paula Beardell Krieg demonstrates how to make a Cube with an Open Pocket. You may also enjoy her Snow Day Octahedrons. âIâve been at my desk, working on geometric solids, doing art and math together. I find focus and comfort here.â
- Ben Orlin seeks play-testers: Puzzle Planet. âYour collective generosity and wisdom help me to clarify confusing bits, fine-tune difficulty levels, cull inferior puzzles, spotlight superior ones, and sprinkle play-testersâ insight and wit throughout the text.â
- Laura looks at the math of bell ringing: I can hear the bells. âEach bell ringer controls a huge bell, often on the order of a tonne in weight. One by one they ring their bells, then switch to a new permutation (a change) and repeat.â
- James Propp plays around with probability: In Praise of Stupid Questions. âThe way to find things out is to ask a lot of questions. Ask enough questions, and youâre likely to find a new answer: new to you, and once in a while, new to others.â
âInterior with children playing cardsâ by Hugo Salmson, circa 1900.[Back to top.]
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Teaching with Wisdom and Grace
âIt can be exhausting to shovel information into our childâs head. We put out a lot of effort without much return, and daily lessons become a struggle of wills. But when we treat a child as a person capable of learning for himself and meet him mind-to-mind, with a focus on understanding big ideas, lessons become a delight.â
âDenise Gaskins
- Dan Finkel concludes that Manipulatives in Math Class Are So Worth It. âWhen it came to mathematizing â linking equations and the rods â the kids who had previous experience building and free playing with the rods made the connections far more readily. Playing with the rods seems to prime the mind to make connections.â
- The Math is FigureOutAble team highlights Leonhard Euler: The Blind Mathematician Who Saw Everything. âEvery student can learn to think like a mathematician. They can persist through challenges, adjust their thinking, and experience the satisfaction of figuring something out. They do not need perfect conditions or special talent. They need instruction that invites sense making and builds confidence over time.â
- David Butler shares More wisdom from the Dodecahedron about the humanity of doing math. âI find that maths is full of emotion. Frustration, curiosity, surprise, satisfaction, pride, sadness, companionship, wonder, silliness, joy â theyâre all there, sometimes in quick succession.â
âThe Knitting Lessonâ by Jean-François Millet, circa 1860.[Back to top.]
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Giving Credit Where Itâs Due
Quotations are from my new book Charlotte Masonâs Living Math. Public domain art is primarily from Wikimedia Commons.
And that rounds up this edition of the Playful Math Education Blog Carnival. I hope you enjoyed the ride.
The next installment of our carnival will open sometime during the 2nd quarter of 2026 at Nature Study Australia. Visit our blog carnival information page for more details.
âThe Lessonâ by Charles Chaplin, circa 1880.
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