@NicoleCRust
You may want to read Juarrero, Alicia. Context Changes Everything.
She explains rather convincingly top-down causation in all kinds of systems, including biological, without laws of physics being violated. A deep understanding of complex dynamical systems is the basis. In fact causation is not the central issue, but context independent and context dependent constraints are. The "old school" idea of interventionist causation in fact vanishes! Kendler and Woodward write
" Some external event happened to each individual ([...] which resulted in a major internal change in them which in turn impacted the risk or course of their disorder. [...] Common clinical (and indeed ‘human’) intuition suggests that these changes were causal." But they do not show or prove that this is not by way of changes at the bottom level. (which I do not belief by the way, see our previous discussion of Kendel's 2005 book).
Thirteen years ago the Supreme Court decided corporations are people under the First Amendment.
Today, sold-out politicians block progress on all fronts to appease their corporate donors.
Citizens United is among the worst decisions in history. It corrupts our system every day.
Just in case you ever wondered what a "cooperation" with #Elsevier looks like:
"Elsevier publishes many journals 'in cooperation' with different societies and these aim to bring reciprocal benefits; however this does not give those organisations a role in the appointment of journal editors."
https://www.designresearchsociety.org/articles/the-future-of-design-studies-journal
I've seen many of the reasons why #Elsevier is called #Evilsevier by virtually everybody.
But this really takes the cake:
https://www.designresearchsociety.org/articles/the-future-of-design-studies-journal
If you ever needed a single, 5min explanation of one of the many reasons why we need to replace academic journals,, this is the one.
Here are the other reasons:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5526634
Not much is known about how intrinsic timescales, which characterize the dynamics of endogenous fluctuations in neural activity, change during cognitive tasks. Here, the authors show that intrinsic timescales of neural activity in the primate visual cortex change during spatial attention. Experimental data were best explained by a network model in which timescales arise from spatially arranged connectivity.