#WorldSystem: "Before the crisis, 60% of south-east #Asia’s imports of crude oil & a third of its imports of gas came from the Middle East, according to the IEA. The region’s #energy import bill is projected to reach $160bn this year–double the $80bn bill in 2024." https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2026/jun/23/iran-war-oil-prices-hormuz-el-nino-south-east-asia-impact#img-1
‘Compound shock effect’: why the Middle East crisis and El Niño could spell disaster in south-east Asia

Millions of tonnes of the world’s food could be lost amid the uncertainties surrounding the strait of Hormuz and the dangers of a ‘Godzilla-strength’ El Niño

The Guardian