'Part of the problem has been the premium on Indian panels versus those from China -- at least for markets not actively delinking from the latter as the U.S. has. But the price difference between them is slowly narrowing.

'Indian modules were $0.09 per watt more expensive than Chinese ones in early 2024, according to ... EUPD Research ... narrowed to 5.4 cents per watt by late March.

'Indian companies are currently dependent on these upstream components from China, and a basic custom duty of 25% on Chinese cell imports has further increased panel prices.

'Manufacturers, with order books full for the next six to eight months, have yet to contend with overcapacity pressures and for now enjoy high margins.

'This is reflected in research and development outlays: Chinese manufacturers spend about 4% on average, compared with less than 1% for Indian firms, according to data by research firm Wood Mackenzie'.

That solar-procuring jurisdictions have chosen price over reliability/trust pours a tad of cold water over the chat about trusted supply chains for critical infrastructure/CETs.
https://archive.md/QsZ3F