A simple photo of an Archimedes Palimpset page is believed not to be copyrightable. However, the images that were produced using spectral analysis might be protected.
This said, the party who holds the rights to the protected images has released them under a Creative Commons license. So, copyright isn't a blocker. Accordingly, an image that Project Gutenberg can probably use is attached. Or is this about one "lost page" in particular? If not, the attached image is from:
https://www.archimedespalimpsest.org/The license is believed to be Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0). See, for example, the license statements on the two pages linked below:
https://www.tei-c.org/activities/projects/archimedes-palimpsest-project/https://www.cis.rit.edu/people/faculty/easton/Archie/Note: The license statements on those two pages are offered by Will Noel, who seems to be, or to have been, the lead at the first dot-org site linked further up.
The attached image has been modified as follow: I've used The GIMP and
#GMIC to upscale and to slightly reduce contrast. Those two
#FOSS tools, especially the CNN2x upscaler in G'MIC, are recommended.