2/ As with many African countries colonized by European powers (in this case Germany 🇩🇪), 🇳🇦 Namibia’s contemporary borders are characterized by artificially straight lines that don't necessarily relate to the local geology.

This site walks through the history of each border line and the various treaties between the respective powers: 
https://atlasofnamibia.online/chapter-1/international-boundaries

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3/ The Caprivi Strip is a distinctive 450 km panhandle that extends eastward from the main body of Namibia 🇳🇦.

This unusual geographic shape was established by the Heligoland–Zanzibar Treaty of 1890 between the Germany 🇩🇪 and the UK 🇬🇧.

Germany negotiated the strip to gain access to the Zambezi River and, thus an inland trade route to the Indian Ocean.

This strategic objective proved unviable due to the presence of the formidable Victoria Falls.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caprivi_Strip

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4/ At the Caprivi Strip's unique eastern corner, Namibia 🇳🇦 is one of four countries - along with Botswana 🇧🇼, Zambia 🇿🇲, and Zimbabwe 🇿🇼 - whose borders come achingly close to forming a perfect quadripoint.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazungula 

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5/ The border definitions in this water-rich region led to an intense dispute with Botswana 🇧🇼 over islands in the Chobe River: Sedudu (called Kasikili by Namibia 🇳🇦) and Situngu.

The 1890 treaty was ambiguous, defining the boundary by the main channel. The ICJ (International Court of Justice) ultimately ruled in 1999 that the main channel put both islands in Botswana. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kasikili/Sedudu_Island_case 

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6/ Namibia 🇳🇦 was one of the last countries in Africa to gain independence.

Following Germany's defeat in WWI, South West Africa, as the region was then known, was administered by South Africa 🇿🇦 under a League of Nations mandate, which became a sort of de-facto annexation.

in 1969 the UN 🇺🇳, successor to the League of Nations, declared South Africa's occupation of Namibia illegal.

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7/ As pressure for independence grew in the 70s and 80s Namibia 🇳🇦 and neighboring Zambia 🇿🇲 and Angola 🇦🇴 became the site of proxy war between cold war blocks, with Cuban 🇨🇺 and Angolan troops (supported by the Soviet Union) fighting against South Africans

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_African_Border_War

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8/ Finally in 1990 South Africa 🇿🇦 withdrew and Namibia 🇳🇦 achieved independece.

However the deep-water port of Walvis Bay remained under the control of South Africa until 1994.

This political retention created a significant South African enclave on the Namibian coast, controlling the newly sovereign nation's primary gateway to the sea.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walvis_Bay

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