How do people manage to self host, well anything, in the modern internet?

Networking stack is infinity growing and impossible to understand, all ISPs available to me use CGNATs and effectively break the two way street of the original internet, threat protection seems impossible unless you pay cloudflare....

...even when i try to do the most simple of things such as having a website be public (not even a domain) i cant get past and the "solution" I'm always offered is "oh just pay xyz to do a reverse conboulator for it".
I don't understand it. True self hosting seems like a completely dead concept and the idea of even trying is wrapped in financial costs i cant even hope to begin to grasp. There's been dozens of times I've wanted to do self hosting of tons of different things, only to find a million things working against me and all the seemingly knowledgeable people have no clue why its hard for me.
@Rin3d The only real way self-host at that point without any some external help would be i2p, which is pretty nice but also pretty damn niche for most people who'd like to visit your site (could be handy for other services tho)