What really has my brain in a knot is: Does option “D: None of these” include or exclude option D?

This statement is false.

That’s why it should be “none of the above”. And if there’s a “all of the above”, it must come right before the “none of the above”.

Or address them:

Either* A, B, C;
Is only A supposed to be a pointer?
Asking the real questions.