The eternal battle of needing an adapter for an old game controller I've collected - but retail ones are only available from the US for $toomuch, and hobby-grade versions for half that on eBay... then buying a handful of the connectors on AliExpress and resolving to make my own instead.

I mean, the NES controller looks trivial to read from, you just blip one pin and read from another: https://www.allaboutcircuits.com/projects/nes-controller-interface-with-an-arduino-uno/

The hard part is making a PCB to match. Sounds like another #SimpleBreakouts project!

Part of what makes these slightly hard to find, I think, is the rarity of the sockets. The NES is now over forty years old and I doubt anyone's caused a factory to produce more parts for them since at least the year 2000, so anyone making commercial adapters will be doing so in very small quantities.

Mayflash, for example, seem to have given up on that approach entirely, and their adapter uses a 9-pin connector and (I suspect) a butchered extension cable to make it work: https://www.mayflash.com/product/PC053.html

PC053

Connect your SNES/SFC or NES/FC controller to your PC Windows or PS3

A thing I'm noticing though is that the older and simpler a piece of technology is, the easier it is to replicate at home with currently tech. It's trivial to make an Arduino behave like an XInput device, for example, which means you could build a completely custom XBox controller if you liked. We can clone complex shapes like modern gamepads by 3D scanning and printing. And the NES gamepad socket might be simple enough that you can replicate it today with a 3D printer and some bent wire.

So, the goal for this mini project will be an Arduino 32U4-based adapter with a couple of 3D printed NES controller sockets on it. That could be replicated for well under AU$10 by someone with the right machinery and skills if someone (I'm the someone!) wants to burn some spare time in making a design that will work, and most of that cost is in the Arduino-compatible board - the rest is cents of plastic.

Worst case, I'll build a few with the official sockets, and make those available too.

It'll be weeks before I have any electronic parts to play with, but for now I have a 3D printed socket that perfectly fits the plug on one of my NES controllers. A 0.4mm nozzle isn't fine enough to print walls between the pin shrouds in the connector, so my version will look open like this.

Do you have a 3D printer, a NES controller and half an hour to kill? DM me, I'd love to test this part on other printers and with other random controllers people have in the cupboard.

#3DPrinting

Today's research reveals there are differences with the controllers between PAL and NTSC NESes - some PAL systems require PAL controllers with specific pull-up resistors in them, but NTSC systems can use either. My adapter will be "NTSC-like" and not include the extra diodes in a PAL-E system, so it should work with all controllers, but it does mean, thanks to the existence of PAL-E Four Scores, it's not possible to make a universally compatible adapter for every possible controller combination.
Another tidbit is that two of the pins in the NES 7-pin connector are unused in standard controllers, but are extra data pins for things like a light gun; to my understanding those only work on a CRT, and I have no idea what you'd need to do to get that working through an emulator, but I'll connect those lines in my adapter and leave them usable in case someone wants to hack some kind of accessory support in there.
@timixretroplays surprisingly, for some games the light guns do work on LCDs, because they weren't coded to rely on sub-frame timing even though they reasonably could have

@ireneista oh, that's interesting. Do you know what games those might have been?

I do plan to pick up a light gun at some point just to test detecting its inputs using those extra pins. If there's a game I could try on an emulator, that'd be an awesome proof-of-concept for my adapter.

@timixretroplays unfortunately we heard about this in a youtube video and don't remember enough details to find it again (we did just try)

@timixretroplays based on our watch history there's a fair chance it was a passing mention in https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=keyDD-Eqom0

we sure wish youtube's transcripts were searchable, or even skimmable

The Ultimate Guide to NES Light Guns

YouTube
@ireneista ohhh cool, an entire hour long video about light guns! I actually really appreciate this, thank you - not sure when I'll get the time to get through it but it's bookmarked and will be required reading for my project.
@timixretroplays very welcome!