To take a photo you simply have to get three factors to agree: ISO, aperture, and exposure time. Your camera has different modes to help.

M - ISO fixed. You have to make aperture and exposure match by yourself.

A - ISO fixed, aperture selectable, exposure adapts.

S - ISO fixed, exposure selectable, aperture adapts.

P - ISO fixed. Uh. You can turn the dial. Things change. Nobody really knows what is being selected but you can control... something.

AUTO - your camera is inhabited by a demon. Nobody knows how this works. Sometimes the flash will pop up and fire at random. Good luck.

@sixohsix Another mode to note:

M - ISO Auto. You set aperture and speed and the demon reads light and sets ISO for proper exposure. You can typically pre-set the lower and upper range for ISO.

@brianrsmith @sixohsix I need to fire my demon and find a better one :<

@brianrsmith @sixohsix And there's one more on older or fancier cameras:

B - Bulb. A setting to keep the shutter open for as long as the user determines will make a viable photograph - or within the limits of the camera. Often used to create artfully over-exposed photos of the moon or stars, or to make water look like fog.

Or as it is more accurately described, B for Blurring *everything* when a photo is attempted without a tripod or handy rock to keep the camera still. (May require gremlins).