#Inequalities strain the efficacy of local #governments & citizen satisfaction with them. Top down interventions don't relieve those strains. Bottom up ones do & thus can foster #sustainability . So conclude Andersson, Cook, Trautmann and Valdivieso in this nice 2025 article published (sadly behind another Elsevier paywall) in World Development, 188, 106855 (doi: 10.1016/j.worlddev.2024.106855).