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Information: The EU’s challenge against hybrid and cognitive warfare.
AGI - The defense of Western democracies is no longer played only on geographical borders, but also – and especially – in the cyber and media space. This was the central theme of the conference “Europe facing the challenge of hybrid and cognitive warfare: responsibility of information,” held in Rome at the headquarters of the European Parliament. The meeting brought together representatives from European and national institutions, journalists, academics and security and innovation experts, including Rita Lofano, director of AGI, Andrea Malaguti, director of La Stampa, and Giorgio Rutelli, deputy director of Adnkronos, to reflect on the strategies necessary to strengthen democratic resilience and pluralism.
Modern hybrid wars exploit a lethal mix of technological tools, social media platforms, artificial intelligence, propaganda and cyberattacks with a precise objective: to influence public opinion, manipulate electoral processes and undermine international stability. In this context, journalism, institutions and the research world are called upon to urgently redefine rules, responsibilities and models of safeguarding information quality.
Derrick de Kerckhove, scientific director of TuttiMedia Observatory, outlined the boundaries of this threat, offering a lucid analysis of the current scenario: “The turning point in hybrid wars is cognitive: fake news no longer just seeks to deceive, but to break orientation. When a society no longer knows what to believe, it becomes governable by shock, fear, belonging. In this sense, the war has shifted. It now concerns the way we perceive reality.”
Data on Russian disinformation channels in Italy
To confirm the capillarity of this threat, during the conference, Diego Ciulli, head of government affairs and public policy at Google for Italy, Greece, Cyprus and Malta, also raised the alarm, integrating the analysis with precise numerical data on ongoing offensives in our country: “Every day our specialist intelligence team monitors 270 groups that we believe are affiliated with Governments, controlling their attack activities. Among these there are various types of offensives, but those related to the hybrid warfare linked to disinformation are truly very significant.”
We periodically provide figures on this: in the last quarter, alone on YouTube, we blocked 1,256 Russian disinformation channels in Russian, which are probably only the tip of the iceberg. We have blocked around forty channels indexed on Google News and on Discover that were targeted at Italy; they were not in Russian, they were in Italian, but they were organized and managed by the same operational centers.”
How Technology Counters Fake News and AI
What countermeasures are web giants taking against disinformation? Assuming that the real problem lies in how we perceive reality, technology cannot be only the cause of the damage, but must become the first solution. A concrete example of this new assumption of responsibility comes directly from the web giants. Concurrently with the debate on information safeguards, YouTube has announced a crucial turning point: the platform will automatically detect and flag content created with artificial intelligence. Until today, the streaming service had relied exclusively on the voluntary statements of creators to label algorithm-generated videos.
In an official note, the American company clarified the change of pace to ensure maximum transparency to users: “If a creator does not indicate whether he has used AI or not, but our systems detect a significant use of realistic AI, we will automatically apply a label.” Creators will still have the opportunity to challenge the labeling in case of error by the monitoring systems. The company has also specified that this control and classification mechanism will not in any way affect the choices of the video recommendation algorithm.
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https://www.agi.it/cronaca/news/2026-05-27/informazione-ue-guerra-ibrida-37262149/