Short thread: Dan installs an energy monitor

I wanna get some solar panels eventually, and I figure Step Zero of that is gonna be figuring out in detail what kind of loads I'm powering and when, so I can then figure out some nuts-and-bolts stuff about a DIY solar system.

I got one by a company called Emporia, it was a couple hundred bucks. Which is a lot, but I kinda expect that like with the wee bluetooth OBDII reader and Torque on my phone, having a visible Shame Number telling me QUIT BURNING SO MUCH COAL DAN will, well, stop me burning so much coal

How this thing works is you get a box to stuff inside your electrical panel, and you get a bunch of little clamp-on current transformers that go on all your hot wires.

You also get a BIG pair that are supposed to go over the mains, but my panel's from 1990 and they lay it out better these days, I couldn't fit the main CT's on in any way. The company confirmed that I could omit these and the software would Math It for now.

Once you have all your current-sensing clamps installed in the panel, it's time to have a frank, open and nonjudgmental conversation with the people who share your space

Once it's settled that you can not in fact "just live like this babe" it's time to trim some wires.

You know those screw-on terminals that are useful when breadboarding electronics? Well this is like that but in a connector.

Just cut,
Strip,

and reinsert.

"The white goes to the right and everyone gets screwed" is easy to remember right now for some reason

With half the panel neat and tidy and the other half left absolutely feral, it's time to take a break for a week or two
Just kidding, the other half can have a little tidy too, as a treat
Reinstall the front of the panel, get the box connected to the wifi, get on the app, and recoil in horror as you come to understand the full extent of your house's wiring shambles.

The app is, to be fair, very good. It gives you a second-by-second graph of current draw, accurate enough that I just watched when my spouse's computer was updating and I could see how hard it was working at any given moment.

But it relies on a connection to Emporia's servers, so one day it might not be very good, but fortunately you can flash ESPHome onto these and fiddle around with Home Assistant. I didn't do that just yet, that'll be a project for another time.

Oh and apparently my fridge is on the same circuit as my furnace, woo

(I'm joking of course, I would never let my spouse see that horror, much less ask her to Just Live With It Babe)

((I wasn't joking about my furnace being on the same circuit as my fridge. See, it's already providing me with valuable anxiety))

Anyway the hardware is pretty neat. It senses and processes and updates quick enough that it can detect those big inductive kicks when a stopped motor starts or a big filter cap charges up. Thing'll draw kilowatts for a split second and then settle down to double or triple digit watts, and this sensor can notice it.

That's good, that's relevant, because when you're shopping for solar panels, physics is all "You wanna run a fridge? Eh, couple hundred bucks, NBD. Oh, you wanna START a fridge? Five grand, hand it over."

I've posted before and I still maintain that fridges should have kick-starters

Well it's been a day, what've I learned?

* I should probably run at least one 'nother circuit 'cause yikes I've got a big inductive load in the water pressurizer sharing a circuit with stuff like my projector and games consoles etc
* My main monitor, a glorious 1600x1200 from the past that's Just Right, draws like 50 watts, which is about what my computer draws, which seems like A Lot
* Growing up in the 80's and 90's we were taught all about the perils of Standby Mode, ooh ENERGY VAMPIRES, wanna know how much that same power-gobbling monitor draws when it's doing the orange light? Absolutely bloody nothing

A handy thing that this energy monitor has taught me is that the dehumidifier uses WAAAAAY more electricity than I thought it did, like whoa

It's much cheaper/less polluting to run the whole-house air conditioning for like ten minutes than to let that tiny lil dehumidifier struggle for an hour

Saw a massive spike in the graph a couple weeks ago, I used thrice my usual electricity usage and it's because I was trying to dry out the leak sensor at the bottom of my water heater, because while I was rerouting its condensate line I allowed one (1) drop of water to fall into the pan and the water heater went 😳 AAAAAH I'M LEAKING and clenched its intake valve shut, and then wouldn't shut up about it for FOUR DAYS

Maybe I'll post a thing on my secret blog about all the secret low-power ways to stay cool in the summer and toasty in the winter that don't involve much electricity

Gotta put more stuff in it to justify it not being secret anymore

Update on this btw, I had some questions during installation and they were answered promptly by a guy at the company called Jack and another guy called Jack and another guy called Jacques for amusing "No sorry, you were speaking to a different Jack" just like twenty years ago when I did call centre tech support with five other Dans.

Also the thing I bought went on sale like a week after I installed it so I sent a cheeky email to the company which I will replicate here for transparency, subject line "Being cheeky and asking for free smart plugs and also an app suggestion":

-----

Hey folks, Jack, Jacques, whoever else works there who I haven't talked to yet, on the 8th of this month I blew two hundred bucks on one of your Vue energy monitors (very nice by the way) and then eleven brief days later I get an email telling me that if I'd shown even a sniff of restraint I could've gotten the bundle deal and had the monitor and four smart plugs for the same money.

If left unchecked, the lesson I'll take from this is "Always wait to buy a thing," and as a seller of Things this might understandably give you the heebiejeebies, because who knows how long I'll wait? You can remedy this situation by sending me some smart plugs as a goodwill gesture, that I will happily post about on social media (on Mastodon, so it'll be an audience of freaks and weirdos, but at least freaks and weirdos who enjoy energy monitoring). Here's the thread so far, if you're curious and/or nosy: https://retro.social/@ifixcoinops/113478639382007122

(speaking of freaks and weirdos, I'm aware that some folks have been asking for official Home Assistant / ESPHome firmware support, so please do me a favour and yell across the office to your boss that there's another one)

By the by, the main CT clamps wouldn't fit around the cables in my 1990-era panel so I left them off. The monitor continues to work fine with the smaller coils clamped onto each circuit, and I get a readout at the top of the app's home screen for my total energy use as the sum of all the individual circuit CT's - but if I tap on that total-use readout, I don't get the daily/weekly/monthly etc graphs I would expect. An option within the app to graph out the sum of all circuit CT's would be really handy for folk like me who don't have room for the Big Clamps.

Thanks!

~Dan

-----

In response to this email they sent me four smart plugs AND the expensive flexible rubbercoated mains loops for free. I told them in November 2024 that I'd post about them on this thread and then I never did because I'm lazy.

Companies: give me free stuff so I can post about it over a year later

Dan Fixes Coin-Ops (@[email protected])

Short thread: Dan installs an energy monitor I wanna get some solar panels eventually, and I figure Step Zero of that is gonna be figuring out in detail what kind of loads I'm powering and when, so I can then figure out some nuts-and-bolts stuff about a DIY solar system. I got one by a company called Emporia, it was a couple hundred bucks. Which is a lot, but I kinda expect that like with the wee bluetooth OBDII reader and Torque on my phone, having a visible Shame Number telling me QUIT BURNING SO MUCH COAL DAN will, well, stop me burning so much coal

Retro Social

@ifixcoinops to start with, I’d like to know the (easy) ways to do an audit.

From a smart home perspective, we’re pretty above average (but not advanced), but focused on HomeKit (with homebridge)

What energy meters do you recommend. What steps and process to use to audit the home (both once and ongoing)

@jasonkarns single biggest one bang-for-the-buck-wise was a $15 infrared thermometer and $10 of caulk

Second-biggest was some rolls of insulation batts, several podcasts and a new staplegun

@ifixcoinops do you use any electric monitors? What did you use to discover the humidifier was a hog?
@ifixcoinops I would definitely read this. I went through four tubes of caulk last fall and I think I made my money back.
@ifixcoinops I would like to read that blog post

@ifixcoinops

The asshole part of my mind wishes I knew enough to package it in a useful "WW2 sabotage manual" style of way and get it to people being fucked over by their landlords in areas with absolutely skyrocketing rent.

@ifixcoinops unsolicited edge case I've undoubtedly posted about before:

we have a weird problem in our house

we're on the first floor, so all the coldness from the upstairs central air floats down to us

we end up cool and humid for free

can't really run the central air without making it colder

so that's why the dehumidifier

you're damn right tho, and you should say it

that temperature/humidity phase diagram is a FORCE

pretty sure we should have more ERV — energy recovery ventilation — which is hard to optimize for all seasons

@rey @ifixcoinops

@ifixcoinops what energy monitor are you running?

(asking you specifically because iirc you have the same aversion to Just Putting Everything In The Cloud that I do, and have been using this thing for long enough to not get mad and rip it out)
@emily an Emporia Vue, it's cloudy but not a dick about it, at some point I'll esphome it but it's innocuous enough that I'm not in a hurry to do so
@ifixcoinops wow, I run a three-node proxmox cluster (admittedly very low power n100 nodes, but running like 20 containers - including this mastodon server) on less power than your monitor draws.
@iMeddles to be fair to it, it's a really good monitor

@ifixcoinops The standby mode panic was always a bit inflated, but I also think the situation was worse in the 80’s and 90’s. Early set top cable boxes went to sleep at something like 80% of peak power draw.

Ironically, those didn’t have “off lights”, so people didn’t complain nearly as much about them.

@ifixcoinops Kick starters? Never heard that one before. All I've heard of to take care on the first inrush of a motor starting is a soft start. Today I learned a new word.
@ifixcoinops I wonder how practical it'd be to have the thermostat connect a chonky car starter battery across the motor for a second or two every time it needed to start it
@ifixcoinops I work for a solar company and we put more effort into starting inductive loads than literally any other part of our power controls, it is so difficult 
@nkizz kick starters for your fridge and AC like on a motorbike, free idea for ya, take it to the money people and see what they say. Hand crank microwave
@ifixcoinops Oh, the kickstarter should use a strap hooked up to the fridge door. That way you can use it like a lever and get a satisfying slam every time you start it.

@ifixcoinops Our basement's on the same circuit as the fridge, which was fun when I was rewiring the singular light so I could have more lights and a spare outlet for power tools.

"Don't worry, hun, I'll just have it off for a sec! Now how the frell do I wire these lights...?"

@ifixcoinops FYI, a consumer fridge should almost never be on a dedicated circuit, for one critical reason: how often do you open the fridge? It's likely that you'll notice the kitchen lights don't work well before you'd notice the fridge was dead. Shared with the furnace I haven't seen before though, but if it's a gas furnace there shouldn't be any issues due to the fairly low draw (it's mostly there to run the thermostat/widget loop, which doesn't take much power)

(commercial fridges generally have (or can be fitted with) independent alarms for exactly that reason)

@ifixcoinops ...that doesn't seem like a good idea.

that doesn't seem like a good idea at all!

@ifixcoinops This looks awesome! I did a different version of the Emporia and flashed ESPHome on it. It didn't use the same kind of adapters so I just had to use a lot of zip ties for cable organization. Very cool project! Thanks for sharing the steps!
@ifixcoinops My amateur install:
@kzettel The gen3 is pretty much the same deal as the gen2 but they put these different more-easily-trimmable connectors and an Ethernet hole, which I guess makes sense, it's not like your panel moves around enough for wifi to make sense unless you wired it up REALLY wrong

@ifixcoinops I actually did the ESPHome bit before ever even turning it on, but I’m already an unrepentant Home Assistant nerd.

Configuring everything was a little bit fiddly, but altogether pretty reasonable.

@ifixcoinops I went the other way on ours, and used a Schneider/Wiser energy monitor, which just clamps on the mains, and as you say, maths out the rest. It's actually pretty good, although about 35% of our energy use still falls into "always on" or "other."
@wcbdata Is that the one that tries to figure out what appliance is turned on based on its current draw patterns?
@ifixcoinops Looks like this
@wcbdata is your furnace short-cycling?
@ifixcoinops Yep. Burner is firing intermittently because two out of four zones are air-blocked right now. The circulator and inducer are running full-time, but the water can't take much heat because it's not going anywhere. Plumber is coming out tomorrow to remedy what the OTHER plumber could not. Nice catch!
@wcbdata that'll by why you're warming up one hand at a time in the toaster oven then
@wcbdata fingers crossed for ya mate, plumbing stuff is never fun eh
@wcbdata @ifixcoinops how reliable is that classification algorithm? I'm very curious about how well it works (and honestly considering writing my own hacky script)
@jmason @ifixcoinops It was really accurate for the first year or two, but they switched back -ends to share the same system as their commercial solutions, and it seems to have gotten much less reliable since then. Seems to frequently re-identify many appliances. It's still useful by category, though, so I'd still recommend it.

@ifixcoinops

The full extent of *my house's wiring shambles* cannot be measured. I treasure the times I open something and don't see insulation that isn't crumbling cloth older than me.

@elithebearded @ifixcoinops

Our house's previous owner fancied themselves a dab hand with DIY electrics.

I live in fear.

@AspiringLuddite @elithebearded @ifixcoinops ours had a similar unearnt sense of confidence. Pulled out the electric hob (cooktop) and discovered that its 32 amps of culinary goodness had been flowing through a couple of metres of lamp cord just sort of loosely jammed into a terminal block and left coiled behind the cabinet

@elithebearded @ifixcoinops I just bought an old house. No post and tube (whew). Just _one_ sighting of crumbly cloth. But one of three circuit breaker panels found (so far?) is on the back wall of the cabinet Under The Built-In Kitchen Stove. One must pull out a drawer, empty it, remove it, lie down, and slide in to an enclosed space beneath fire. No labels or docs.

(Mutters: this IS a post about OT and life spans for DIY Home Automation gear)

@ifixcoinops just a quick note -- none of the photos in this thread appear to load for me :(
@jmason Yeah Mastodon isn't good