@Mer__edith Nobody is going to use the compliant apps. Instead, they will allow installing apps from "untrusted sources," download something like Signal(which will never allow backdoors) from servers not in the EU (since Google Play and Crapple will have to remove it or exit the EU market), and ignore this law. It would take effort on the scale of China's Great Firewall to prevent this and even that would leak, as does China's censorship.

If their ISP blocks the download, they will go to Tor or a VPN and bypass ISP filtering

@MisuseCase @Mer__edith First step: In Android permissions you can with one "click" enable installing apps from one existing app. Got to settings->apps->Files (or whatever you have)->advanced/Install Unknown Apps and set to "allowed" and you can then install downloaded apps from the file manager.

In older versions, it was under "security" and would allow installing non-Google Play apps from any program on the device that could open them. This of course had the potential disadvantage of allowing silent installation of malware from the browser.