TFY unwisely agree to Do Something about 70-year-old in-law's laptop, which is 9 years old and running Word 2008 atop a version of macOS unsupported since 2018 …

You have a spare M1 Probook to upgrade him to. What could possibly go wrong?

Well, he's forgotten his login password, never had an AppleID, and his old machine doesn't recognize APFS filesystems for that old-time floppy-style SSD shuffle.

And the cable to the only SSD they have is flaky.

(Now back home, screaming quietly in Mac.)

@cstross my default answer to all these sad problems is to lay hands on a large enough external disk, and SuperDuper!

"Mavericks (10.9) users can download v3.1.1, Mountain Lion (10.8) users can download v2.9.2, Lion (10.7) users can download v2.8, Tiger (10.4), Leopard (10.5) and Snow Leopard (10.6) users can download v2.7.1, Jaguar (macOS 10.2) users can download v1.5.5, and Panther (macOS 10.3) users can download v2.1.4, the last releases available for those older versions..."

@dr2chase Did I ask for advice?

(Hint: NO.)

I've been using MacOS since 7.0. I know the drill.