One of the genuine innovations of the Dune novel is the idea that by forbidding all thinking machines, the Empire of Humanity has had to build people of tremendous skill in order to do the jobs that machines used to. Mentats, Bene Gesserit, Suk doctors, and ultimately the Kwisatz Haderach were the result of humans needing to imbue individuals with incredible knowledge and skill to overcome the anti-AI handicap.
FOR SOME REASON, lately I am thinking a lot about the mirror case.