@tomrallen I finally remembered what the actual issue with contours and flat terrain is (👋 Herr Friedmann from my Introductory GIS course 10 years ago). It's not artefacts in the DEM data, but rather the contour algorithm. In flat areas there are a lot of cells with similar values and the algorithm goes a little bonkers trying to connect them all. The result is overly jagged contours (and the solution is to generalize the DEM in flat areas, as I did, except that I forgot the reasoning for it 🫣)