This is the worse of the two vetoes I read; what would the addition of the bill cost anyway?

“already prohibits discrimination based on sex, race, color, religion, ancestry, national origin, disability, gender identity, sexual orientation, and other characteristics, and state law specifies that these civil rights protections shall be liberally construed.”

Caste falls under that stuff already…

The protections are already there, and making a specific law just for this would only legitimize that caste is a real thing and not some bullshit Indians did to discriminate amongst themselves.

So the bill would have accomplished nothing.

Caste doesn't fall under any of these. Because people are clearly willing to hire Hindu people born in India of any gender. So you aren't discriminating against race, national origins, religion, color, or gender. Since the USA doesn't acknowledge caste it can't differentiate between two people of different caste just because of their caste.

The only thing you mentioned that might apply is "Ancestry" but I can't find a description of it since it isn't listed under the protected classes list.

Discrimination isn't inherently illegal. For example, you totally can discriminate against people under the age of 40. Which does happen. Many landlords won't rent to people under 30 and that's perfectly legal.

If caste is none of those things, explain what you think caste is then…

Because I want to see your attempt at saying something that doesn’t fit the other protections already

Caste is a social hierarchy mainly based on the job your ancestors had.

In India there are 5 major caste categories but in total there are around 25,000 sub castes. Only the "untouchables" might be protected as they are often of different religion or ethnicity.

But the other 4 major castes are mostly of the same race, ethnicity, national origins, color. There is a tendency of darker skin colors being more prominent in lower castes but it's not a defining property of caste and you can find people of any complexion in each caste.

But maybe you can tell me which current protected class would differentiate between someone of the Kshatriyas and the the Vaishyas caste.