It occurred to me today that the social value of the open-source work I do in my free time has probably been an order of magnitude more useful to the world than everything I've ever done as a paid employee. Needing to seek a wage almost certainly makes me a less productive member of society than I would otherwise be.

@jsbarretto

a perfect case in point for #UBI (Universal Basic income)

@HistoPol @jsbarretto that and universal basic services

@tshepang
I would need to give this idea some more thought.

You see, if a service does not cost anything at all, there tends to be waste and abuse.

If everyone is given a basic income to cover their (basic) needs, this would solve that problem too, don't you think?

In any event, public goods should be held by a (non-corrupt) state and not by private citizens or corporations (e.g. water rights).

@jsbarretto

@HistoPol @jsbarretto institutions managing such services could be corrupt indeed, but there are solutions to that, like reducing movement of money (where, for example, governments would not contract private companies to do the work)

@tshepang @jsbarretto

(1/n)

Very interesting. You thought of corruption by administrators (and rightly so, see my posts, e.g., about NestlΓ© and water-rights abuses, e.g., in the US and elsewhere.)
I thought more of abuse by citizens. People tend to value services that are free of charge low.

Regarding the showcase of #Scandinavian countries, they cannot be the benchmark. I'm no #anthropologist but I'd suspect that the following factors influence this result:

1) relatively...

@tshepang @jsbarretto

(2/n)

small, and until recently, a fairly
homogeneous population.

2) Rich and highly educated populations.

3) Centuries of common enterprise (e.g. #Viking raids.) Mist other countries lack such characteristics.

Very different: Native American tribes.

There might be other factors.

People, generally, tend to be ill-disciplined in huge crowds where individual stakeholdership and malfeasance don't lead to ostracism, as in ancient times. (My hypothesis)

Therefore,...

@tshepang @jsbarretto

(3/3)

...even public goods must have a monetary, and not just an intrinsic value. This can be offset by #UBI.

It's a zero-sum game, really, but leads to significantly different results, IMHO.

//

@HistoPol
To augment this thought, making people pay for stuff tends towards making apparent how important that stuff is. If you give a UBI and then charge park admissions for example you could find out how much people prefer the beach park to the garden park... Or whatever. When you provide a variety of free services there isn't a way for the public to vote "a lot more of this and less of that"
@tshepang @jsbarretto
@dlakelan @HistoPol @jsbarretto you could simply witness what people prefer, no need for money exchange

@tshepang @HistoPol @jsbarretto

You can't witness the degree of preference though. Suppose you have two beaches, one has better surfing. On any given day 1000 people go to both beaches. Both beaches are "equally good" right? What if I told you that the 1000 surfers would pay $40 to park there, but the 1000 other beach goers would only pay $5. It's not enough to see how many people go where to give you good information about how to allocate resources.

@dlakelan @HistoPol @jsbarretto to help clarify, what information does this give (about where to allocate more resources)

@tshepang @HistoPol @jsbarretto

For example it might tell you to allocate resources to a special bus that goes to the surfing beach that can take surfboards, where you can board the bus a few miles away in some kind of parking structure, enabling more people to surf the beach without requiring us to build parking next to the beach. Just as an example.

@dlakelan @HistoPol @jsbarretto it's not clear to me why having both parks free stops you from getting information on what to do where

@tshepang @HistoPol @jsbarretto

In general there are other ways you can gain information, but money transactions makes for a single comparable measuring stick between any goods and services, do you enhance the beach, or have more concerts in the park, or have more bus transport or plant more fish in lakes or provide more educational opportunities for kids or ... having a way to compare everything (price) is vastly superior to a hodgepodge of surveys and whatnot.

@tshepang @HistoPol @jsbarretto

The problem is we have made money be a thing you only get for working for wages etc. Suppose we start charging reasonable prices for all sorts of public goods, the linux kernel, beach access, census data... whatever. But then on the other hand, everyone gets an equal UBI of maybe $40000/yr which is more or less say twice the average cost of consuming all the public goods we started charging for. So you can buy a typical quantity of the public goods, plus $20k

@tshepang @HistoPol @jsbarretto

The money charged for the public goods can go to public maintenance, and whatever isn't used there, can be paid out again by the govt as part of paying the UBI. you're recycling money, using it as an information-carrier. That's how it's supposed to work, to direct resources where they're needed. If you started charging for public goods you'd triple or quadruple the GDP, but to keep the consumption constant you'd need a lot more money circulation... ie the UBI

@dlakelan @HistoPol @jsbarretto so, in this system, does anyone make more than $40k/year
@tshepang
Of course, as mentioned $40k is just an example, thought needs to go into UBI sizing, but money is still usable in the same way so you can sell labor for wages, charge interest, invest in stocks, build rental housing etc. The point of UBI is to make sure that everyone has a minimum of some amount of income. It's probably best to think of it as a percentage of GDP/capita. Let's say 10-20%
@HistoPol @jsbarretto
@dlakelan
it would need to be adjusted per individual then, because people have different needs... someone would spend too much on medical needs, and a more lucky person has more to spend on leisure
@HistoPol @jsbarretto
@dlakelan
why I favor services is it equalizes those things that should be regarded human rights, like housing, health, and education, such that whatever little is offered by UBI could then go to less essential (but still important) things like leisure and art
@HistoPol @jsbarretto
@tshepang
There are all sorts of discussions to be had about services vs UBI. One of the biggest issues with free services is it makes a strong value judgement about what is important. For example, if a person likes living somewhat cramped in small square footage housing but saving up money to invest in starting a hair salon... Nope, you get one size fits all housing allotment. UBI lets people allocate resources according to their preferences.
@HistoPol @jsbarretto
@dlakelan
note that am in favor of UBI, and UBS (universal basic services) to me is something that would greatly help make it more effective by avoiding issues with increased incomes, like corruption and inflation (as one example, high income countries tend to have higher housing costs)
@HistoPol @jsbarretto
@tshepang
I think there is plenty of meaningful discussion to have over what should be free services and what should be priced yet affordable due to UBI. In general a free service candidate is something like firefighting, police, and emergency medical. Something where few need it and it's expensive when you do. There's an insurance like quality.
@HistoPol @jsbarretto

@dlakelan
I need to ask:
Have you been doing professional research in the #UBI / #UBS field?

@tshepang @jsbarretto

@HistoPol
I have not. I did some work on Bayesian models for measuring poverty back in 2017 and had some interesting results but it didn't wind up panning out.

I have a dream of starting a nonprofit utilizing agent based modeling to address large scale social and technical issues, but do not have a clear path towards making that happen.
@tshepang @jsbarretto

@dlakelan
Sounds like a thrilling idea.

Forgive my ignorance, what are #BayesianModels?

@tshepang @jsbarretto

@HistoPol
Any model where you specify a mathematical form, with unknown free parameters and then you utilize probability as a measure of plausibility (rather than frequency of occurrence) to find which parameters "work best" is a Bayesian model. So in my poverty model the goal was to estimate a distribution across households in each locality of the ratio of income to a cost of living measure.
@tshepang @jsbarretto

@dlakelan
I like it. πŸ˜€
Seems very versatile.

And by form, you meant formula, correct?

@tshepang @jsbarretto