In ~2014, my colleague & I argued that social media (esp. Twitter) had become part of the critical infrastructure of disaster response. People were turning to Twitter during crises to share information about impacts and resources. Disaster responders were using the data shared there for situational awareness, and were communicating in real-time with their constituents. Today’s events underscore just how dangerous it is for society to come to rely on private platforms as critical infrastructure.
In this paper documenting the "work" of communities responding to disaster events, Dharma Dailey and I explain how social media is operating as critical infrastructure, borrowing from Star and Ruhleder's conceptualizations of infrastructure, which notes that we often don't know that we're relying upon infrastructure until it breaks down.
https://dl.acm.org/doi/pdf/10.1145/2998181.2998290?casa_token=pzel650FuLcAAAAA:qIKePiHWEJGjfD8OLn4_UPQlboUVj0Cq25s0ijGDq92pBUhWDi9edeT2NtQwT-EgSpMm7uNUWwyPpg
Social Media Seamsters | Proceedings of the 2017 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work and Social Computing
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