ᛕᎥᕼᗷᗴᖇᑎᗴ丅Ꭵᑕᔕ

According to #HH_Pattee there are

“two meanings for #machine and two meanings for #failure”:

“By the machinery of nature we mean the failure-proof #laws that we assume underlie the predictable behavior of matter. When we find certain types of #natural events unpredictable we assume that our description or theory of these events are failures, but not the events themselves.”

On the other hand, while we assume that the #rules of arithmetic are not subject to failure, it is clear that a physical machine #designed to execute these rules may fail all too often.”

https://www.academia.edu/863887/The_role_of_instabilities_in_the_evolution_of_control_hierarchies

The role of instabilities in the evolution of control hierarchies

The role of instabilities in the evolution of control hierarchies

Apr 22, 2023 at 3:25pmWeb
Show threadᛕᎥᕼᗷᗴᖇᑎᗴ丅ᎥᑕᔕApr 22, 2023

Paraphrased #HH_Pattee from the same source:

This “#error_duality” (error in the #descriptions or error in the #operation) can be identified at all organizational levels:

➡️ Computer programs may have either an error in the program itself (#software error) or an error may happen because of the machine (#hardware error) that executes an otherwise correct program.

➡️ At higher levels it is possible to make an error in the choice of algorithm which is being programmed or even make a mistake in the choice of problem that the developed algorithm is supposed to solve.

➡️ Similarly in social and political organizations we distinguish between a faulty policy and the failure to execute a policy properly.

In other words, we try to distinguish between the error in our #models of reality which leads to incorrect policies (#predictions and descriptions), and the error in #control #constraints which leads to a failure of a (good) policy implementation.