really good article on AI-generated imagery falsely reifying an Americanist understanding of emotional expression as universally, historically objective
https://medium.com/@socialcreature/ai-and-the-american-smile-76d23a0fbfaf
really good article on AI-generated imagery falsely reifying an Americanist understanding of emotional expression as universally, historically objective
https://medium.com/@socialcreature/ai-and-the-american-smile-76d23a0fbfaf
this bit is really good (1/2):
Most scientific research on emotion is conducted in English, using American concepts and American emotion words (and their translations). According to noted linguist Anna Wierzbicka, English has been a conceptual prison for the science of emotion. “English terms of emotion constitute a folk taxonomy, not an objective, culture-free analytic framework, so obviously we cannot assume that English words such as disgust, fear, or shame are clues to universal human concepts, or to basic psychological realities.” To make matters even more imperialistic, these emotion words are from twentieth-century English, and there’s evidence that some are fairly modern. The concept of “Emotion” itself is an invention of the seventeenth century. Before that, scholars wrote about passions, sentiments, and other concepts that had somewhat different meanings.
(2/2)
Different languages describe diverse human experience in different ways — emotions and other mental events, colors, body parts, direction, time, spatial relations, and causality. The diversity from language to language is astonishing…. Not all cultures understand emotions as mental states. The Ifaluk of Micronesia consider emotions transactions between people. To them, anger is not a feeling of rage, a scowl, a pounding fist, or a loud yelling voice, all within the skin of one person, but a situation in which two people are engaged in a script — a dance, if you will — around a common goal. In the Ifaluk view, anger does not “live” inside either participant.
- Lisa Feldman Barrett, in How Emotions are Made: The Secret Life of the Brain (https://lisafeldmanbarrett.com/books/how-emotions-are-made/)