Blue/Red Team question: does anyone have an observed example of an someone using x509 certs as part of their offensive tactics, beyond data encryption that is?

I’m putting together a talk on x509 certs and want to cover some historic examples of offensive usages in either red team or bad actor operations.

Please boost for distribution if possible

@turbo for several years, it was quite easy to smuggle in arbitrary payloads in X.509 certs against servers using GnuTLS. https://www.openldap.org/lists/openldap-devel/200802/msg00072.html
GnuTLS considered harmful