@JonYoder If you want a coffee with your reading, after that first link, you can check out https://changelog.complete.org/archives/10053-the-incredible-disaster-of-python-3 and https://changelog.complete.org/archives/9938-the-python-unicode-mess . The upshot of it is, as far as I can tell, it is impossible to write cross-platform #Python code that handles filenames correctly on both POSIX and Windows. #Rust gets this right, and Python's attempt to assume the whole world has used #Unicode since the beginning of time is a real pain.