On 5 January 1919 mass strikes broke out against the temporary government. It was called the Spartacist uprising, though they didn't start it. The goverment employed right-wing paramilitary units to crush the uprising. By 13 January the revolt was suppressed and the Spartacist leaders went into hiding. They were discovered 2 days later, and Rosa Luxemburg was arrested and then assassinated.
#RosaLuxemburg #GermanRevolution #NovemberRevolution #SpartakusBund #SpartacusLeague
Rosa Luxemburg was released from prison on 9 November 1918, just in the beginning of the German Revolution.
The German revolution of 1918–1919, also known as the November Revolution, was an uprising started by workers and soldiers in the final days of World War I. In the first month it quickly and almost bloodlessly brought down the German Empire.
Luxemburg and Liebknecht (also just released from prison) reunited in Berlin and founded the Spartacus League with their friends of the Gruppe Internationale. They plunged into the revolution and together with other revolutionary groups they founded the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) on 1 January 1919.
#RosaLuxemburg #GermanRevolution #NovemberRevolution #SpartakusBund #SpartacusLeague #kpd
In 1915 Rosa Luxemburg was imprisoned for one year due to the mutiny trial. In prison she wrote The Crisis of Social Democracy, which became known as the Junius Pamphlet after the pseudonym she used. This pamphlet became the core manifest of the Spartakusbund. She called class revolution the only solution against imperialism and militarism, summed up in the slogan "socialism or barbarism".
In 1913 World War 1 was imminent. Rosa Luxemburg gave a speech in which she called for the (working class) German soldiers to not pick up arms against fellow soldiers from France. She was charged with inciting soldiers to mutiny. While the trial (and the appeal) were ongoing, she went on a speech tour, drawing large crowds, rallying around anti-militarism.
She also had an affair with her lawyer, Paul Levi, who later became the leader of the German communist party.
Just after the outbreak of the war in 1914, the SPD voted in favour of war expenditures, ratifying their pro-militarist stance. Luxemburg now publicly declared to be against the SPD and founded an opposition group, together with her friends Karl Liebknecht and Clara Zetkin (ao).
This group was initially called Gruppe Internationale, but was later renamed to Spartacus League (Spartakusbund).
#RosaLuxemburg #antimilitarism #spartakusbund #SpartacusLeague
#KarlLiebknecht, dem einzigen Reichstagsabgeordneten, der 1914 gegen die #Kriegskredite stimmt.
Luxemburgs leidenschaftliche Reden gegen den #Krieg führen zum Zerwürfnis mit der #SPD, zu Prozessen und weiteren Haftstrafen.
Aber weder Isolation noch Krankheit brechen ihren Geist.
Als Mitbegründerin des #Spartakusbund.es und Redakteurin der „Roten Fahne" setzt sie nach dem #Krieg ihre Arbeit unter veränderten Vorzeichen fort.
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