To me, it is difficult to justify a placebo controlled trial without proper guardrails (not transfusion - rescue ESA maybe) which was done in the non-dialysis trials In dialysis patients with anemia, how do you justify withholding ESA (which is standard of care)? #NephJC

There was some intriguing data for HIF in inflammation or high hepcidin states - but I haven’t seen good data - I guess the field has moved to trying Ziktekevimab etc instead? #NephJC