Can confirm it is a font substitution issue. When I open the PDF a different font is used (note the very distinctive “r”) which has much better (but not great) kerning.

Apple’s actually somewhat of an exception here. They actually make most of their profit from hardware, not services. In the first half of this year, Apple has made $167 billion in product sales, and $53 billion in services sales. Their cost of sales for products was $103 billion for products, and $13 billion for services. That gives $64 billion in profit from products and $40 billion in profit from services. So about 62% of Apple’s profit comes from product sales.

Teardown reports of iPhones indicate that an iPhone 15 costs $423 to make but costs $799, giving a profit margin of about 47%. This doesn’t account for shipping though, so the actual margin will be a bit lower.

Apple profits source Teardown source

Also, many GMOs were engineered to be more resistant to pests and thus need fewer pesticides

Colorado?

Most mathematicians, engineers, and scientists don’t use the asterisk symbol for multiplication. Most don’t write any symbol as it’s implicit. If they do use a symbol they would use a dot or x symbol (though never an actual x). In mathematics, the asterisk is mostly only used to represent convolutions.

Most common:

abc

Less common:

a • b • c

a × b × c

Never:

a * b * c

While to most people this doesn’t really matter (and should feel free using * for multiplication). It shows someone with minimal formal experience in mathematics using this formula

You can use swift package manager to create an executable target, which you can then run on macOS from the command line. Most frameworks (aside from UI) are shared between iOS and macOS like AVFoundation. If you don’t have access to macOS, you can still use swift package manager to build and run code on Linux or Windows, though you unfortunately won’t have access to any Apple frameworks.

The article discusses that organic foods are worse for the environment.

When Apple introduced the iPhone they required automatic reference counting to be used in Objective-C rather than garbage collection (the language supports both) due to performance reasons (iPhones were significantly slower than Macs). At least Apple seems to think that reference counting is faster than standard garbage collectors. The compiler can do a lot to remove unnecessary releases and retains. Additionally each retain is just incrementing an integer, and each release is just decrementing an integer and comparing the integer to 0, so the overhead is pretty small.

Metal — it’s a proprietary graphics API made by Apple