Humanity owes Cuba: unilateral coercive measures and the politics of punishment - Abolish Capital!
### The true meaning of the US embargo imposed on Cuba How can one describe a
situation where one country prevents another from establishing friendly
relations or engaging in trade with other countries? How can one describe a
situation where one country prevents another from buying or selling goods,
including essential items such as medicine, spare parts, machinery, and energy
products like oil and gas? How can one describe a country that forces another to
struggle to ensure its citizens have access to basic social services such as
healthcare, education, and water? How can one describe a country that becomes
hostile when another country ensures its people have the right to land for
production within their own territory? These questions, when posed without
mentioning specific countries, are often answered easily and logically. However,
the answers change dramatically when it is revealed that the country imposing
these measures is the United States and the affected country is Cuba. For more
than six decades the United States has maintained economic sanctions against
Cuba, beginning in 1960 and formalized into a full trade embargo in 1962 under
President John F. Kennedy. Earlier tensions intensified following the failed
1961 US orchestrated invasion at the Bay of Pigs. According to official Cuban
government estimates presented annually to the United Nations, the economic
damage caused by the embargo has exceeded USD 150 billion in cumulative losses
when adjusted for inflation. Despite investing heavily in social services such
as education and healthcare, Cuba like many countries in the Global South lacks
the industrial capacity to produce all essential goods, including machinery,
spare parts, and advanced medical equipment. Companies that trade with Cuba may
face pressure and restrictions under US laws such as the Helms–Burton Act of
1996, which allows penalties against foreign firms dealing with nationalized
Cuban property. This regulatory environment has contributed to infrastructure
challenges, including constraints in power generation, fuel supply, and
industrial modernization. These measures, critics argue, are intended to apply
economic pressure on the Cuban government and population in order to encourage
political change. US policymakers, however, unashamedly describe the policy as a
tool to promote democratic reforms and human rights. Meanwhile, international
opinion has remained largely critical of the embargo. Since 1992, the United
Nations General Assembly has passed annual resolutions calling for its
termination
[https://peoplesdispatch.org/2025/10/28/ten-lies-the-us-ambassador-told-the-un-about-the-blockade-on-cuba/],
with overwhelming support from member states. ### Cuba’s “crimes” against the US
Cuba’s first major “crime” in the eyes of Washington was reclaiming its economic
sovereignty
[https://peoplesdispatch.org/2026/03/14/cuba-is-where-the-broader-aspirations-of-the-us-elite-as-a-whole-intersect-why-the-us-wants-to-destroy-cuba/].
Following the 1959 revolution led by Fidel Castro, the Cuban government
introduced sweeping land reforms and nationalized major industries, including
sugar plantations, utilities, and oil refineries. These policies affected large
landowners and foreign corporations, many of which were based in the United
States. The government offered compensation to affected companies, but disputes
over valuation and payment methods led to prolonged tensions between the two
countries. Despite the presence of large US corporations in Cuba before the
revolution, inequality remained widespread. According to historical economic
studies, rural poverty, illiteracy, and limited access to healthcare were common
in the 1950s, particularly outside urban centers. In response, the revolutionary
government launched major social programs, including a nationwide literacy
campaign in 1961 that significantly reduced illiteracy rates within a year.
Cuba’s second “crime” was asserting independence in matters of defense and
foreign policy. During the Cold War, the Cuban government developed close
relations with the Soviet Union and pursued security arrangements independent of
US influence. These developments culminated in the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis,
one of the most dangerous confrontations of the Cold War era. From Washington’s
perspective, these developments represented a strategic threat in the Western
Hemisphere. Another “crime” attributed to Cuba was its commitment to
internationalism. During the 1960s and 1970s, Cuban forces and advisors
supported liberation movements in several African countries, including Angola,
Namibia, South Africa, Zaire (DR Congo) and Guinea-Bissau. Historians widely
recognize Cuban involvement in Angola as a decisive factor in the defeat of
apartheid-aligned forces at the Battle of Cuito Cuanavale 1980s. In 1966 Cuba
hosted the Tricontinental Conference in Havana, bringing together states
liberation movements from Africa, Asia, and Latin America to coordinate
anti-colonial and anti-imperialist struggles through international solidarity.
Cuba’s solidarity diplomacy extended beyond military support. The country
developed international medical programs that sent doctors and nurses to
countries confronting public health emergencies. Cuban medical teams responded
to crises including the Ebola and Zika outbreak in West Africa and the COVID-19
pandemic across the globe, including in advanced European industrial powers like
Italy. The World Health Organization has acknowledged the contribution of Cuban
medical personnel in emergency response missions. ### Read more: Drawing lessons
from the Cuban Revolution: organization, unity, and internationalism
[https://peoplesdispatch.org/2025/10/19/drawing-lessons-from-the-cuban-revolution-organization-unity-and-internationalism/]
By the 1986 Cuba had successfully eliminated Malaria within its borders and
later shared public health expertise with partner countries, including Tanzania
where Cuban experts co-operate with their Tanzanian counterparts a Bio-products
factory that uses Cuban technology, the largest in Africa continent. These
achievements demonstrated the potential of a public health system oriented
toward universal access. Nevertheless, political tensions between Cuba and the
United States persisted, with Washington maintaining sanctions and diplomatic
pressure throughout successive administrations. ### A question for the Global
South Africa and the Global South should not be tainted from these realities.
Recent policy discussions in Washington under President Donald Trump included
tightening sanctions on Cuba, reversing even tiny normalization measures
introduced during the administration of Barack Obama. Energy supply remains a
critical vulnerability for Cuba. Historically, oil imports from Venezuela have
been essential to sustaining the country’s electricity system. Termination in
shipments due to the US invasion of Venezuela and abduction of its President
January 3, 2026, contributed to fuel shortages and extreme power outages in
Cuba. Venezuelan oil imports were accounting for more than 40% of all Cuban oil
imports. Only second to Mexico, which is also facing mounting pressure from
occupiers of the Oval Office in Washington DC not to sell oil to Cuba. At the
same time, the United States has encouraged governments hosting Cuban medical
missions to review their agreements. Supporters of these missions emphasize
their role in expanding healthcare access, particularly in underserved rural
regions. Some of the government such as Jamaica has already bow to this pressure
and issue official statement of not having intentions to renew contacts with
Cuban government that would allow Cuban medical missions to continue operate in
their countries. The broader issue therefore extends beyond bilateral relations
between the United States and Cuba. Many nations in Africa and the Global South
have benefited from Cuban solidarity in education, medicine, and liberation
struggles. Thousands of African students have received scholarships to study
medicine and engineering in Cuban universities over the past five decades. ###
Read more: “This is our Moncada, our Bay of Pigs,” says young Cuban communist
leader
[https://peoplesdispatch.org/2026/03/19/this-is-our-moncada-our-bay-of-pigs-says-young-cuban-communist-leader/]
Thus, this is moral, political, and historical obligation for the people of the
Global South not just to be concerned but take full charge in tagging the
efforts against imperialist coercion on Cuba. People’s Organizations have a
crucial role to play. Solidarity does not depend solely on governments, which
are largely captured by bourgeois interests submissive to the same force that is
choking Cuba. People’s formations should raise awareness, write, speak, compose
music, organize, and express support for the Cuban people. Africans share deep
historical and cultural connections with Cuba. The island’s revolutionary
experience has contributed to struggles for dignity, justice, and independence
across the world. Recognizing this history requires more than words. It calls
for solidarity with a nation that has long stood on the side of the oppressed
despite immense external pressure. Humanity owes Cuba that much. The post
Humanity owes Cuba: unilateral coercive measures and the politics of punishment
[https://peoplesdispatch.org/2026/03/24/humanity-owes-cuba-unilateral-coercive-measures-and-the-politics-of-punishment/]
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