Immigrants are leaving Canada at faster pace, study shows - Lemmy.World
New research suggests more newcomers to Canada have chosen to leave in recent
years, a threat to a country that relies on immigration to drive population and
economic growth. The rate of immigrants leaving the country, or onward
migration, has been steadily increasing since the 1980s and is rising among
recent cohorts, suggesting newcomers “may not be seeing the benefits of moving
to Canada,” according to a study on immigrant retention by the Institute for
Canadian Citizenship and the Conference Board of Canada. The report, published
Tuesday, underscored the risks of Canada failing to meet expectations of
newcomers, who are facing worsening housing affordability, a strained
health-care system and underemployment, among other issues. It also highlighted
how disillusionment among immigrants can slow down progress even in a country
that consistently sets fresh records for population gains. “It’s a reflection on
our broader society and more intractable failings that we have. If immigrants
are saying ‘no, thanks’ and moving on, that’s a real existential threat to
Canada’s prosperity,” Daniel Bernhard, chief executive officer of the Institute
for Canadian Citizenship, a pro-immigration advocacy group, said in an
interview. “We need to wake up and recognize that if we don’t deliver, people
will leave. And if they leave, we’re in trouble.” Prime Minister Justin
Trudeau’s government has been using immigration to rapidly add more workers to
stave off economic decline from an aging populace. But record population growth
in recent years has led to growing criticism that its policies have exacerbated
existing housing shortages and added more pressure on infrastructure and
services like health care. The report showed spikes in the annual rates of
immigrants leaving Canada in 2017 and 2019, reaching 20-year highs of 1.1 per
cent and 1.18 per cent, respectively. That’s compared to the average of 0.9 per
cent of people who were granted permanent residence after 1982 who leave Canada
each year. While the numbers may not sound significant, they add up over time
and can lead to attrition of 20 per cent or more of an arrival cohort over 25
years. Earlier this week, a survey by Environics Institute showed waning public
support for high levels of immigration due to concerns of housing affordability
and availability. That dwindling support, combined with growing dissatisfaction
among newcomers, will be a fresh challenge for a government that’s trying to
placate an outcry over an affordability crisis while competing in a global race
for skilled workers. The lack of enthusiasm for staying in Canada, which led to
onward migration by some newcomers, is also behind a sharp drop in immigrants
choosing to become Canadians, according to Bernhard. The proportion of permanent
residents who took up citizenship within 10 years of arrival dropped by 40 per
cent between 2001 and 2021. “If Canada can’t reverse these issues and can’t
provide these vital services and affordability, immigrants will leave,” Bernhard
said. “We need to be working harder to make sure that they’re happy here, so
that they contribute here, become Canadians and contribute to our shared
success. We need to realize that on balance, immigrants may owe Canada less than
Canada owes immigrants.”