Breast cancer is a disease with significant health disparity affecting mortality in minority women. The present study examined the genetic makeup of breast cancers in African‑American and Hispanic/Latinx patients to determine specific genetic mutations associated with breast cancer in the minority population from South Los Angeles, United States. Whole‑exome sequencing was performed on DNA extracted from breast cancer tumor biopsies collected from 13 African‑American and 15 Hispanic women and 8 matched‑normal samples for each ethnic category. The results were analyzed using Ensemble Variant Effect Predictor and Mutation Significance. Additionally, a comparative analysis with The Cancer Genome Atlas data was provided. Our data revealed somatic mutations in genes such as SET domain containing (lysine methyltransferase) 8, serine protease 1 and AT‑rich interaction domain 1B (<em>ARID1B</em>) and known breast cancer genes, such as <em>BRCA1/2</em>, <em>TP53</em> and the DNA damage response genes across all ethnicities. Additionally, Hispanic patients had BRCA1 associated RING domain 1B (<em>BARD1</em>) variants, while African‑American patients had higher numbers of nonsynonymous variants in the RAD51 paralog B (<em>RAD51B</em>), <em>ARID1B</em> and X‑ray repair cross complementing 3 (<em>XRCC3</em>) genes. In addition, our patients exhibited mutational signature enrichment that indicated DNA homologous recombination repair deficiencies. Therefore, African‑American and Hispanic breast cancer samples showed considerable overlap in breast cancer genetic mutations. However, there are differences in specific genetic variants in <em>TP53</em>, <em>BRCA1/2,</em> <em>BARD1</em> or <em>ARID1B</em>, which will require further study of their role in tumorigenesis.
Here's a slightly updated version for people who asked for a pdf
Link to pdf version: https://www.dropbox.com/s/pqer35laylxejl0/Intro-KeyNumbers-printalone.pdf?dl=0
Madrigal experimental drug delivers strong results in fatty liver disease known as NASH
My story on today's positive results. Much better than people were expecting.
Abstract. Molecular features underlying colorectal cancer (CRC) disparities remain uncharacterized. Here, we investigated somatic mutation patterns by race/ethnicity and sex among 5,856 non-Hispanic White (NHW), 535 non-Hispanic Black (NHB) and 512 Asian/Pacific Islander (API) CRC patients[2,016 early-onset:sequencing age<50]. NHB patients with early-onset non-hypermutated CRC, but not API patients, had higher adjusted tumor mutation rates than NHW patients. There were significant differences for LRP1B, FLT4, FBXW7, RNF43, ATRX, APC and PIK3CA mutation frequencies in early-onset non-hypermutated CRCs between racial/ethnic groups. Heterogeneities by race/ethnicity were observed for the effect of APC, FLT4 and FAT1 between early-onset and late-onset non-hypermutated CRC. By sex, heterogeneity was observed for the effect of EP300, BRAF, WRN, KRAS, AXIN2 and SMAD2. Males and females with non-hypermutated CRC had different trends in EP300 mutations by age group. These findings define genomic patterns of early-onset non-hypermutated CRC by race/ethnicity and sex, which yields novel biological clues into early-onset CRC disparities.