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@onan I see a bird! I see a plane!
@johncarlosbaez > from what I know about dissonance versus harmony, harmonious notes ring out longer, and cause each other to oscillate with each other, while dissonant notes almost phase each other out... I assume it is in order to achieve peak harmony, and avoid dissonance...

I get it now, the comma answers this IIUC
@johncarlosbaez wait, the answer to one of those questions is above: the comma
@johncarlosbaez > frequency ratio between the notes B and C is exactly the same as between the notes C and C♯, or between C♯ and D.

This explains a lot. if I'm understanding correctly, that means the theory/math/ratios themselves for major (wwhwwwh) are engraved/embedded deeply into the chosen intervals and ratios? forgive my lack of terminology, to ask a different way, major key is essential to the mathematics of "western music"?

> So the real question is why the major scale has spaces between notes that go [wwhwwwh]

See, this was probably my confusion, and why I ask that question (or two) above..

> The short answer is "if you did it some other way, it wouldn't sound the same"

Yes, yes, of course...

> But the long answer is a mathematical analysis of the major scale

I assume this is a tedious process to explain to someone who is not only not a math person, but not big on theory, yet from what I know about dissonance versus harmony, harmonious notes ring out longer, and cause each other to oscillate with each other, while dissonant notes almost phase each other out... I assume it is in order to achieve peak harmony, and avoid dissonance... I see some other conversations here about the minutae of note interactions, it reminds me of the early music class teacher telling me about why I shouldn't fix that one broken key since it may throw the entire piano out of tune

> Maybe this chart

It helps yes, thank you, elegant..

Thank you for such a detailed response, I was curious about that...
@johncarlosbaez I've always wondered this, and I hope this question is not a silly one: why in the world is there no half step between B and C, and E and F? I assume if there were half-steps there it would be ugly or "evil"...

Something tells me it helps toward the minor/major division of notes (the major key is simply right there), or maybe it was chosen and refined for beauty, or religious reasons... fwiu the modern conceptualization of the notes was really formalized in the Catholic Church, but I've never seen evidence to disprove or prove this...