Some of the strategies we explored:
☑️explicit (auxiliary) assumptions
☑️ explicit alternative theories
☑️ computational and formal modelling
☑️ external consistency with theories of related phenomena
☑️ triangulating evidence
A better thread at a later stage :-)
Philosophy & folk-theories of science started on physics & controlled exp. What would happened if we had built on historical & explicitly fragmentary sciences? In this paper we explore how theories are built & improved in the study of the evolution and development of cognition & semiotic behaviors.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s42113-024-00214-8
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In many scientific fields, sparseness and indirectness of empirical evidence pose fundamental challenges to theory development. Theories of the evolution of human cognition provide a guiding example, where the targets of study are evolutionary processes that occurred in the ancestors of present-day humans. In many cases, the evidence is both very sparse and very indirect (e.g., archaeological findings regarding anatomical changes that might be related to the evolution of language capabilities); in other cases, the evidence is less sparse but still very indirect (e.g., data on cultural transmission in groups of contemporary humans and non-human primates). From examples of theoretical and empirical work in this domain, we distill five virtuous practices that scientists could aim to satisfy when evidence is sparse or indirect: (i) making assumptions explicit, (ii) making alternative theories explicit, (iii) pursuing computational and formal modelling, (iv) seeking external consistency with theories of related phenomena, and (v) triangulating across different forms and sources of evidence. Thus, rather than inhibiting theory development, sparseness or indirectness of evidence can catalyze it. To the extent that there are continua of sparseness and indirectness that vary across domains and that the principles identified here always apply to some degree, the solutions and advantages proposed here may generalise to other scientific domains.
Had a blast at @AarhusUni 🇩🇰this week, tusind tak for the invite @interact_minds & @kristian_tylen! I also participated in @fusaroli's hackathon, where we collaboratively worked on a dataset and modelling conversations under messy real world conditions! Great productive format!👥
Allen, M. L., Haywood, S., Rajendran, G., & Branigan, H. (2011). Evidence for syntactic alignment in children with autism. Developmental Science, 14(3), 540–548. Bolis, D., Bolis, D., Balsters, J. H., Balsters, J. H., Wenderoth, N., Wenderoth, N., Becchio, C., Becchio, C., Schilbach, L., & Schilb...
This Tuesday afternoon session is devoted to conversation, broadly speaking, and we kick off with Morten Christiansen from Cornell, speaking on The Conversational Nature of Language
Christiansen starts out noting that the home of language is in conversation, citing Herb Clark, Martin Pickering & Simon Garrod, Wittgenstein, Levinson
(scribe's note: we might add luminaries like Gail Jefferson, Catherine Bateson, Eve Clark, Joan Bybee, Betty Couper-Kuhlen, Janet Bavelas — you get the point)
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