@filippo I don't think a MAC is the right model since the key+nonce is public and fixed - more akin to a hash function chosen from a family of PRFs. MAC CCA security doesn't apply (since key is known). MAC Committing security is too strong (since key is fixed / not attacker controlled).

So it's more akin to whether GCM with a fixed public key and nonce is first/second pre image resistant? Even if not, it still retains some security provided the function image is large enough.

VIII. PERSECUTION

Victims are identified and separated out because of their national, ethnic, racial or religious identity. The victim group’s most basic human rights are systematically violated through extrajudicial killings, torture and forced displacement.

In state sponsored genocide, members of victim groups may be forced to wear identifying symbols. Their property is often expropriated. Sometimes they are segregated into ghettoes, deported to concentration camps, or confined to a famine-struck region and starved. They are deliberately deprived of resources such as water or food in order to slowly destroy the group.