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A single-dose Covid nasal vaccine spray vaccine provided protection vs symptomatic Omicron infections
Among ~1,400 healthcare workers without prior Covid.
Not randomized. Best effectiveness data shown in 2 graphs below
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/ebiom/article/PIIS2352-3964(23)00444-9/fulltext
Shedding of SARS-Co-V2 and infecting others is inversely related to the level of spike-specific secretory-IgA antibodies and how quickly they rise, emphasizing why mucosal immunity/nasal vaccines are essential to block spread
https://pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2314808120
Now we're talking!
A trivalent nasal vaccine vs mumps, measles and Covid, broadly effective vs SARS-CoV-2 variants, with expected long duration (using preS-6P), in multiple experimental models https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2220403120

Excellent from Danny Altmann on issues around vax decisions for covid and the risk of bringing in the private sector.
Outsourcing covid-19 vaccination to the private sector will increase health inequalities | The BMJ

https://www.bmj.com/content/382/bmj.p2012

Outsourcing covid-19 vaccination to the private sector will increase health inequalities

It is challenging, confusing, and divisive to even try to describe the current state of play as we enter another autumn of living with covid-19. Reliable, national level disease data are harder to collect, and this data vacuum has left an information gap. Where do we actually stand as we enter the autumn and the forthcoming return to school? There is an uptick of cases of covid-19 in the UK as assessed by hospital admissions (up by 20% in the week before last) or the ZOE app.1 We are technically in another covid-19 wave, although starting from a low baseline and the uptick in cases and hospital admissions is nowhere near as large as previous years.1 Many millions of people around the world are infected with covid-19 at any given time, some chronically so. New mutations continually arise. Some of these become the next emerging variants of concern and some are more transmissible and/or more immune evasive than the wave they displace. In England, it has just been announced that the covid booster campaign will start earlier than planned following the emergence of a new variant, BA.2.86.2 In various parts of the world variants of concern compete for dominance. In the UK, this comprises a period dominated by XBB.1.16 and the possible emergence of EG.5.1 (Eris) and now, BA.2.86.2 Cases of long covid remain massively high, with around 700 000 of the current UK caseload incurred during the “mild Omicron” triple-boosted …

The BMJ
Among over 4.2 million people, Covid was associated with a significant increased risk of developing multiple types of autoimmune diseases compared with uninfected, and vaccination provided protection
https://thelancet.com/journals/eclinm/article/PIIS2589-5370(23)00331-0/fulltext
There are now 4 very large cohorts showing how Covid is associated with increased the risk of developing autoimmune conditions. The latest demonstrates that vaccination significantly reduced the risk.
The new #SARSCoV2 variant that has shown up in Israel and Denmark, has now been detected in Michigan; it's called BA.2.86 and has 35 mutations in the spike compared with XBB.1.5 (the newly updated vaccine booster target).
Will be watching this one very closely in the days ahead.
We're on global BA.2.86 watch with 6 cases found in 4 countries (1 each in US, UK, Israel, and 3 in Denmark). Whether this hyper-mutated variant will become a new major one ("Pi") remains uncertain.
Meanwhile, in the US, EG.5 is gaining but likely will give way to a FLip variant
Explanation of Flip variants and where we are headed while we await fate of BA.2.86
https://erictopol.substack.com/p/the-virus-is-learning-new-tricks
The Virus is Learning New Tricks and We Humans Keep Falling Behind

The new SARS-CoV-2 variant (EG.5.1), how we are about to FLip, and where are the new Covid boosters?

Ground Truths
Evidence for why people with A blood type have an increased susceptibility to Covid infection https://ashpublications.org/blood/article/doi/10.1182/blood.2022018903/496471/Blood-Group-A-Enhances-SARS-CoV-2-Infection
Blood Group A Enhances SARS-CoV-2 Infection

Key Points. The receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 bears sequence and overall ABO blood binding similarity with human galectins.SARS-CoV-2 preferential

American Society of Hematology