If it is indeed the case that any country's EIDAS (electronic identification, authentication, and trust services) implementation requires an account with a third party tech company - Apple, or Google, or whatever - then that is repugnant and reprehensible.

@neil Not in Spain at least.

IIRC it's managed by the Goverment using cl@ve, an internal development.

https://clave.gob.es/en/clave/usabilidad

Cl@ve | Where can I use it?