What to do with surplus solar power in an island solution?

https://lemy.lol/post/62685614

What to do with surplus solar power in an island solution? - lemy.lol

What happens if the sun shines onto your solar panels, and you have too much power. I guess you could cover the panels with a blanket in such a case, but that would be manual intervention … Do you need to consume all electric power you generate? Ways of wasting power include … heating water or electrostatics. Most people would put surplus power they produce into the grid, but this is connected to government / cooperate regulations and paperwork, some would like to avoid that. An island solution with solar panels is not connected to the power grid at all…

Have a battery that stores the surplus electricity for later use. That’s pretty standard for solar installations.
what if i dont want to pay for expensive batteries?
An island solar system without batteries make little sense.
What to do if the batteries are fully charged? The charge controller will save the batteries? But how, what happens with the power, is it converted to heat?
Nothing happens. All you have is voltage. No current. No power.
electric potential? is the solar circuit a giant capacitor with a stored charge then?
Maybe you could think of it that way, but I don’t think PV cells store much charge, so they’d make pretty crappy capacitors.