18 years of the Linux fork that refuses to load the microcode that mitigates a range of CPU vulnerabilities
@mjg59 A lot of hardware has to embed non free firmware because incorrect firmware could cause physical damage to the device, and also because there's not really much other firmware it can run.
Most of the embedded firmware hidden out of sight and often not even upgradeable is tiny tiny embedded sequencing and the like or a deeply embedded 8051 running a 40 byte program because it was simpler to paste that in that write custom logic for it
@mjg59 Most of it is much more low level than that and in many cases you are talking about turning an input into an output and putting conflicting voltages on the same wire.
Fan control is minor. If your EC messes up the fan then you'll get a CPU shutdown, and maybe shorten the life of components a bit.