1/2 Abstracts from scholarly papers need to be open information and thus deposited by publishers in Crossref @crossref for any other system to use. Many big publishers still do not do this (https://osf.io/preprints/metaarxiv/smxe5_v2, page 10). But the situation is better than in 2020 (https://www.crossref.org/blog/open-abstracts-where-are-we/).
