That’s probably only true for USB power supplies - a USB adapter isn’t set up to do anything with voltage and probably just passes the positive and negative pins through.
The VGA adapter feeding power back through USB in the first place, yeah, that’s not supposed to happen.
Yeah I don’t think there’s a 5V pin for VGA.
I think if we had the scenario where we had a higher voltage than needed, we could have a toasty voltage regulator making something happen, but going the other way would need boost circuitry unlikely to exist in these parts, in my understanding
It doesn’t need to be 5v. An active adapter can have a buck converter.
In reality active HDMI adapters get powered by the HDMI device though, not the VGA monitor, so it’s a moot point anyways
Maybe somewhere in the chain, the 5V from pin 9 is being converted to 5V shared across power and the video signal. So even if this chain worked in carrying a video signal it could be very weak or distorted.
Purely a guess though.