"A cyclist can go 3 or 4 times faster than a pedestrian, but uses 5 times less energy. The bicycle is the perfect transducer to match metabolic energy to impedance of locomotion. Equipped with this tool, man outstrips efficiency of not only all machines, but all other animals as well."
—Ivan Illich
For those asking about the data, the source is, I believe, Transport Policy and the Environment
https://www.routledge.com/Transport-Policy-and-the-Environment/Banister/p/book/9780419231400 or maybe one of Professor David Banister's other papers

Transport Policy and the Environment
There is currently considerable concern with limiting the growth of transport demand, the use of resources and related pollution. This book makes a major contribution to the debate on transport and the environment and is likely to become a benchmark against which new research will be developed. Transport Policy and the Environment presents for the first time the results of extensive research: *quantifying the contribution of transport to environmental problems. *assessing the options for resolvi
Routledge & CRC Press