I'm curious about what a "reasonably common supported set of ANSI escape codes” might be but I'm having a hard time finding a document that lays it out

I see the word “vt100" a lot but when I read about the vt100 in for example https://vt100.net/docs/vt100-ug/chapter3.html#S3.3 there's also some stuff that doesn't seem relevant to modern terminal emulators like "Load the four programmable LEDs..."

or there's ECMA-48 but is everything in there actually still used?

or there's the xterm sequences but that seems too big?

@b0rk It might not exist. You could try asking somebody who participated in the founding of a terminal project how they chose what escape sequences to start their project with, or compare the terminfo databases of popular projects, if you're really motivated to continue this line of research and can't think of any better ideas for doing so.