Wearing a hat that does not hide the face is a harmless aspect of some religions. Suppose a law is passed banning hats indoors at gov't jobs. Some gov't employees are members of a religion that requires head-cover. They protest against the law.
Question: Are they facing a religion-based special penalty? Or are they seeking a religion-based special exemption from the law?
Question: Are they facing a religion-based special penalty? Or are they seeking a religion-based special exemption from the law?