Apple added a feature called "inactivity reboot" in iOS 18.1. This is implemented in keybagd and the AppleSEPKeyStore kernel extension. It seems to have nothing to do with phone/wireless network state. Keystore is used when unlocking the device. So if you don't unlock your iPhone for a while... it will reboot!

In the news: "Police Freak Out at iPhones Mysteriously Rebooting Themselves, Locking Cops Out"
https://www.404media.co/police-freak-out-at-iphones-mysteriously-rebooting-themselves-locking-cops-out/

iOS version diffs to see yourself:
https://github.com/search?q=repo%3Ablacktop%2Fipsw-diffs%20inactivity_reboot&type=code

Police Freak Out at iPhones Mysteriously Rebooting Themselves, Locking Cops Out

Law enforcement believe the activity, which makes it harder to then unlock the phones, may be due to a potential update in iOS 18 which tells nearby iPhones to reboot if they have not been in contact with a cellular network for some time, according to a document obtained by 404 Media.

404 Media
@jiska hmm I saw another article dismissing the 404 media one, citing an iPhone reboot bug in iOS 18.0 fixed in ios 18.1 …
https://appleinsider.com/articles/24/11/07/iphones-stored-for-forensic-analysis-unexpectedly-reboot-causing-problems-for-officials
Based on these I suspect that it already got implemented in ios 18, though with a bug (random reboots) that was fixed in ios 18.1
Edit: it might also be something unrelated…
iPhones stored for forensic analysis unexpectedly reboot, causing problems for officials

Multiple iPhone units stored for forensic analysis have rebooted themselves, causing concern among law enforcement officials that Apple has a new security feature.

AppleInsider
@soph yeah I think the earlier reboots are unrelated...